{"id":18240,"date":"2021-03-06T20:10:54","date_gmt":"2021-03-06T20:10:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18240"},"modified":"2021-03-06T20:10:54","modified_gmt":"2021-03-06T20:10:54","slug":"trolls-ruining-science-journalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/science-communication\/trolls-ruining-science-journalism\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111ang h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111ang l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/h2>\n\n<p>B\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng \u0111ang \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc: s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tham gia v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn mang t\u00ednh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u00e1c \u00fd, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn khi\u00eau kh\u00edch ho\u1eb7c mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean internet, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u do \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Wisconsin ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 tin t\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc. Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean blog v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta suy ngh\u0129. Theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u1ec1 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin theo c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m tin hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn mang t\u00ednh x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tham gia v\u00e0o t\u01b0 duy ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 th\u00eam quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gieo r\u1eafc n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Wisconsin, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano l\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro tr\u1edf n\u00ean tin t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u01a1n, trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y an to\u00e0n tr\u1edf n\u00ean coi th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m x\u00fac<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn mang t\u00ednh x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sinh l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tham gia v\u00e0o t\u01b0 duy h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<p>Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 thao t\u00fang s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00e1c b\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng tin khoa h\u1ecdc th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m tin hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i trong b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111a h\u01b0\u1edbng. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Khi b\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch theo d\u00f5i tin t\u1ee9c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft trong b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc. Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn mang t\u00ednh v\u0103n minh v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n cho b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ho\u00e0i nghi tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn qu\u00e1 c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c mang t\u00ednh k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<li>Xem x\u00e9t ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn hay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trang web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 lan truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch?<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn, h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh th\u00f4ng tin.<\/li>\n<li>H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. \u0110\u1eebng l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111ang l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 B\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3ng&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[165],"tags":[23863,23862,1218,16582,160],"class_list":["post-18240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-science-communication","tag-science-journalism","tag-trolling","tag-perception","tag-misinformation","tag-science-communication"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18240"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18240\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18241,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18240\/revisions\/18241"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}