V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i qua nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa x\u00f4i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh minh c\u1ee7a “Internet th\u1eddi Victoria” – m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m g\u00ec t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Internet k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n
S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc then ch\u1ed1t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o khai th\u00e1c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a Samuel Morse, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e3 Morse, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u g\u1ea1ch ngang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1844, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Washington, D.C. v\u1edbi Baltimore. Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p khai tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, “What Hath God Wrought”, do ch\u00ednh Morse g\u1eedi, \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n
M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng, b\u0103ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i c\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nhanh nh\u1eb9n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi g\u1eedi \u0111i, nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam. M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn, v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n v\u00e0 l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c xa x\u00f4i, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n
Internet th\u1eddi Victoria kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 in v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a tin \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1870, “Internet th\u1eddi Victoria \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh”, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i tin t\u1ee9c, th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tin t\u1ee9c, cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0a tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch kinh doanh, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp nhanh ch\u00f3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Internet th\u1eddi Victoria v\u00e0 Internet hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. C\u1ea3 hai m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho giao ti\u1ebfp to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1edbi. V\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0, ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n
Internet th\u1eddi Victoria kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho Internet hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh v\u00e0 doanh nh\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a Internet th\u1eddi Victoria, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Samuel Morse, Claude Chappe v\u00e0 Charles Wheatstone, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta giao ti\u1ebfp ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Internet th\u1eddi Victoria c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Internet hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Internet th\u1eddi Victoria: \u00d4ng t\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24297,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3830],"tags":[17885,23896,23897,3906,23895],"class_list":["post-18264","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-of-technology","tag-19th-century-technology","tag-communication-revolution","tag-history-of-the-internet","tag-telegraph","tag-victorian-internet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18264","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18264"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18264\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24298,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18264\/revisions\/24298"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24297"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18264"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18264"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18264"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}