{"id":18379,"date":"2020-12-08T00:17:38","date_gmt":"2020-12-08T00:17:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18379"},"modified":"2020-12-08T00:17:38","modified_gmt":"2020-12-08T00:17:38","slug":"lester-young-hip-freewheeling-saxophone-master","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/art\/music\/lester-young-hip-freewheeling-saxophone-master\/","title":{"rendered":"Lester Young: Ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 saxophone t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lester Young: Ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 saxophone t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Lester Young, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7t danh &#8220;Prez&#8221;, sinh n\u0103m 1909 t\u1ea1i Woodville, Mississippi. L\u1edbn l\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u01a1i saxophone t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf. Young ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Coleman Hawkins, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0a saxophone tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nh\u1ea1c jazz.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c jazz<\/h2>\n\n<p>Young gia nh\u1eadp ban nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Count Basie v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1934, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i sao nh\u1ea1c jazz h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c jazz kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Billie Holiday, Charlie Christian, Nat King Cole v\u00e0 Benny Goodman. C\u00f9ng nhau, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3n thu \u00e2m mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u1ea1c jazz.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phong c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Phong c\u00e1ch ch\u01a1i saxophone c\u1ee7a Young \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi l\u1ed1i luy\u1ebfn l\u00e1y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch v\u1eeba tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh v\u1eeba swing. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e0n \u1ee9ng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u1eabu h\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng mang \u00e2m h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea1c blues, g\u1ee3i l\u00ean c\u1ea3 ni\u1ec1m vui v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00c2m nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Young \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ea1c jazz v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a M\u1ef9. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;cool&#8221; v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Young c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1ch ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 saxophone nh\u1ea1c jazz sau n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m Charlie Parker, John Coltrane, Wayne Shorter v\u00e0 Lee Konitz.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 suy s\u1ee5p<\/h2>\n\n<p>B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, Young ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. \u00d4ng nh\u00fat nh\u00e1t, nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng x\u1ea5u \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 30 tu\u1ed5i, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 II.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ea2n h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n \u1ee9ng bi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n\n<p>Young \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c jazz \u1ee9ng bi\u1ebfn. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb9p trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng swing c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 thi\u00ean t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1ea1c blues v\u00e0 swing<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u00c2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Young b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u1eeb nh\u1ea1c blues v\u00e0 \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u1ea1c blues v\u00e0o phong c\u00e1ch ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt swing, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 u s\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c blues v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c jazz.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Young qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1959, nh\u01b0ng di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 nh\u1ea1c jazz ng\u00e0y nay. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1ch ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 saxophone \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n thu \u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea nh\u1ea1c jazz n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i b\u1ed5 sung:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Phong c\u00e1ch saxophone tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Lester Young<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u trong phong c\u00e1ch ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a Young<\/li>\n<li>Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a Young v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c<\/li>\n<li>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c blues \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Young<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a Young v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a bebop<\/li>\n<li>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n Count Basie \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Young<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1ch ch\u01a1i solo \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Young<\/li>\n<li>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c Young \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o d\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lester Young: Ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 saxophone t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng Lester Young, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7t danh &#8220;Prez&#8221;, sinh n\u0103m&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[327],"tags":[24029,24027,3107,6118,24030,22415,24031,24028],"class_list":["post-18379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-music","tag-bebop","tag-blues","tag-jazz","tag-saxophone","tag-lester-young","tag-improvisation","tag-prez","tag-swing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18379","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18379"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18379\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18380,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18379\/revisions\/18380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18379"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18379"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18379"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}