{"id":18451,"date":"2020-01-14T09:29:05","date_gmt":"2020-01-14T09:29:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18451"},"modified":"2020-01-14T09:29:05","modified_gmt":"2020-01-14T09:29:05","slug":"urban-spiders-thriving-in-the-concrete-jungle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/zoology\/urban-spiders-thriving-in-the-concrete-jungle\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong r\u1eebng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n\n<p>Khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, ch\u00fang x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Sydney th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: nh\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1ec7n to h\u01a1n v\u00e0 sinh s\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n v\u00e0ng (Nephila plumipes), m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Sydney. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp nh\u1ec7n t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i r\u1eadm cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: nh\u1eefng con nh\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n th\u00ec l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 mang nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con nh\u1ec7n \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a \u00edt h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh cho nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. H\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00cdt th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u01a1n:<\/strong> C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u00edt th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u01a1n c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho nh\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1edf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n:<\/strong> C\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee9ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1ec9a h\u00e8 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea5m h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho nh\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o t\u0103ng:<\/strong> \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c thu h\u00fat c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u1ec7n. S\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a con m\u1ed3i \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n v\u00e0ng. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb \u0103n th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh:<\/strong> C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00edt \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o nh\u1ec7n h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng sinh s\u1ea3n cao h\u01a1n cho lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian xanh h\u01a1n \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho nh\u1ec7n ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea5m h\u01a1n:<\/strong> Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 v\u1ec9a h\u00e8, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n cho nh\u1ec7n, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebb nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf cho lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n v\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. Khi qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 nh\u1ec7n t\u0103ng \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n:<\/strong> V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ec7n h\u01a1n trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng, nh\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u0103n m\u1ed3i m\u1edbi:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a nh\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u0103n m\u1ed3i m\u1edbi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 chim v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 nh\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n v\u00e0ng \u1edf Sydney cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 nh\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u00eam nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong r\u1eebng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n Khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[19524,24127,2244,24128,24126,2046],"class_list":["post-18451","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-wildlife-in-cities","tag-spider-size","tag-urban-ecology","tag-spider-fertility","tag-urban-spiders","tag-urbanization"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18451","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18451"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18451\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18452,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18451\/revisions\/18452"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18451"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18451"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18451"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}