{"id":18461,"date":"2019-06-12T06:01:15","date_gmt":"2019-06-12T06:01:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18461"},"modified":"2019-06-12T06:01:15","modified_gmt":"2019-06-12T06:01:15","slug":"population-growth-and-the-future-challenges-and-opportunities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/environmental-science\/population-growth-and-the-future-challenges-and-opportunities\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i<\/h2>\n\n

T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n

Joel Kotkin l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n b\u1edfi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/h2>\n\n

Kotkin c\u0169ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. H\u1ecd l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n

Nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. H\u1ecd d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gia t\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft n\u1ea1t tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a xe \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n

Xe \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf xanh cho nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch cho r\u1eb1ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c pin lithium-ion \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c lithium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n

T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n

T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng. Khi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng t\u0103ng theo. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, m\u1ea5t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n

Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00e0nh tinh.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eadt g\u00e2n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0a tin thi\u00ean v\u1ecb. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u01b0a tin tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ef1c \u0111oan v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ef1c \u0111oan. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ef1c \u0111oan v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd xa l\u00e1nh m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ra s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n

Duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cao trong b\u00e1o ch\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cao v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan khi \u0111\u01b0a tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh gi\u1eadt g\u00e2n v\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u1ecb, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd n\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0a ra quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap th\u00f4ng tin cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf Joel Kotkin l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[267,497,37,120,3553,2196],"class_list":["post-18461","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environmental-science","tag-environmentalism","tag-technology","tag-innovation","tag-sustainability","tag-population-growth","tag-future"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18461"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18461\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18462,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18461\/revisions\/18462"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}