{"id":18709,"date":"2024-02-10T04:51:52","date_gmt":"2024-02-10T04:51:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18709"},"modified":"2024-02-10T04:51:52","modified_gmt":"2024-02-10T04:51:52","slug":"sunken-sandwiches-revolutionized-food-preservation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/food-science\/sunken-sandwiches-revolutionized-food-preservation\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh sandwich b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm: M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u00e1nh sandwich b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tai n\u1ea1n t\u00e0u Alvin: M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1968, t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Alvin \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng, mang theo ba th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1eefa tr\u01b0a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Alvin l\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1 voi, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra khi hai d\u00e2y c\u00e1p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 4.900 feet (1.500 m\u00e9t) d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i an to\u00e0n, nh\u01b0ng Alvin v\u1eabn b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng do bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee5c v\u1edbt, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c: b\u1eefa tr\u01b0a c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n, bao g\u1ed3m b\u00e1nh sandwich bologna, t\u00e1o v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00f9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u: B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao<\/h3>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u n\u01a1i Alvin n\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n. \u1ede \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 5.000 feet (1.500 m\u00e9t), n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n 2.200 pound tr\u00ean inch vu\u00f4ng (h\u01a1n 150 kg tr\u00ean cm vu\u00f4ng), \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u1ee1 m\u00e0ng nh\u0129. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t cao n\u00e0y \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">X\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao: M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi<\/h3>\n\n<p>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh sandwich \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao (HPP) nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi. HPP li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 100 \u0111\u1ebfn 10.000 l\u1ea7n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n<p>HPP c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0u, t\u00f4m h\u00f9m, guacamole v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e9p tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m th\u00eam v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HPP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h3>\n\n<p>HPP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 enzyme g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t cao ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt, ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u00fang sinh s\u00f4i v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t cao c\u0169ng l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u00e1c enzyme, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c protein x\u00fac t\u00e1c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a HPP<\/h3>\n\n<p>HPP cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>K\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> HPP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m th\u00eam v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng:<\/strong> HPP b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Duy tr\u00ec h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb:<\/strong> Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng HPP v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ban \u0111\u1ea7u, khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>An to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> HPP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a HPP<\/h3>\n\n<p>HPP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n:<\/strong> HPP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u00e0u, t\u00f4m h\u00f9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ed1ng:<\/strong> HPP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y v\u00e0 rau qu\u1ea3, gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e9p:<\/strong> HPP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e9p tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb s\u1eefa:<\/strong> HPP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb s\u1eefa, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1eefa v\u00e0 pho m\u00e1t, gi\u00fap k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n\n<p>V\u1ee5 ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m Alvin v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ti\u1ebfp theo v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh sandwich \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. HPP, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh c\u1edd n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, HPP c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u00e1nh sandwich b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m Tai n\u1ea1n t\u00e0u Alvin: M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd Ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1968, t\u00e0u&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[628],"tags":[24407,7298,16484,598,24406],"class_list":["post-18709","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-food-science","tag-alvin-submersible","tag-food-preservation","tag-scientific-innovation","tag-deep-sea-discovery","tag-high-pressure-processing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18709","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18709"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18709\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18710,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18709\/revisions\/18710"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18709"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18709"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18709"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}