{"id":18717,"date":"2020-07-13T19:09:16","date_gmt":"2020-07-13T19:09:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18717"},"modified":"2020-07-13T19:09:16","modified_gmt":"2020-07-13T19:09:16","slug":"climate-change-and-the-future-of-carbon-dating","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/archaeology\/climate-change-and-the-future-of-carbon-dating\/","title":{"rendered":"Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb carbon trong m\u1eabu. \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb carbon l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 carbon c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01a1tron kh\u00e1c nhau. Carbon-14, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 theo th\u1eddi gian v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111ang l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon. C\u00e1c kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch \u0111ang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn carbon dioxide v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, ch\u1ee9a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft carbon-14 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 m\u1edbi \u0111ang k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p carbon &#8220;c\u0169&#8221; n\u00e0y, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang c\u00f3 v\u1ebb gi\u00e0 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng trong v\u00f2ng 20 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 n\u0103m t\u1edbi, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5 v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2100, b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i radiocarbon l\u00e0 2.000 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i, khi\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i thay th\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1eb7t ra. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e1t quang:<\/strong> \u0110o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i kali-argon:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a kali-40 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu:<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u00edt b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i:<\/strong> K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00e9o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi:<\/strong> T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb carbon thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111ang g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed chung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon \u0110\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng carbon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[34,5984,88,97,27,283],"class_list":["post-18717","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-climate-change","tag-carbon-dating","tag-archaeology","tag-science","tag-history","tag-environment"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18717","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18717"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18717\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18718,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18717\/revisions\/18718"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18717"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18717"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18717"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}