{"id":1879,"date":"2026-02-27T13:47:39","date_gmt":"2026-02-27T13:47:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1879"},"modified":"2026-02-27T13:47:39","modified_gmt":"2026-02-27T13:47:39","slug":"the-race-against-polio-jonas-salk-and-albert-sabin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/medicine\/the-race-against-polio-jonas-salk-and-albert-sabin\/","title":{"rendered":"Salk v\u00e0 Sabin: Cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua c\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ecfi b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t: Jonas Salk v\u00e0 Albert Sabin<\/h2>\n\n

\u00c1c m\u1ed9ng b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh li\u1ec7t tr\u1ebb em, l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y, khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t m\u1ed7i n\u0103m trong n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. B\u1ec7nh lan qua n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u1eafc-xin<\/h2>\n\n

Khi b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh, hai nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc thi\u00ean t\u00e0i, Jonas Salk v\u00e0 Albert Sabin, ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1eafc-xin. Salk theo \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u1eafc-xin virus b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t, c\u00f2n Sabin nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eafc-xin u\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9a virus s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n

Jonas Salk: V\u1eafc-xin virus b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t<\/h2>\n\n

Jonas Salk sinh n\u0103m 1914 t\u1ea1i New York. L\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh \u01b0u t\u00fa, \u00f4ng say m\u00ea nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y h\u1ecdc. Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p y khoa, Salk b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eafc-xin ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Salk l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng virus \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3. \u00d4ng nu\u00f4i virus tr\u00ean t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1eadn kh\u1ec9, b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng formol, r\u1ed3i ti\u00eam v\u00e0o kh\u1ec9. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, Salk chuy\u1ec3n sang th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Albert Sabin: V\u1eafc-xin u\u1ed1ng virus s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n

Albert Sabin sinh n\u0103m 1906 t\u1ea1i Ba Lan, \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1921 v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc y t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc New York. Sau t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, \u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n

Sabin ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n virus b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean trong ru\u1ed9t non. \u00d4ng tin r\u1eb1ng v\u1eafc-xin u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n virus tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u00e1u, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t virus ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h2>\n\n

V\u1eafc-xin virus b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Salk \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn n\u0103m 1954. G\u1ea7n 2 tri\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc sinh tham gia; k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ngo\u00e0i mong \u0111\u1ee3i: v\u1eafc-xin an to\u00e0n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, l\u00e0m s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh s\u1ed1 ca b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n

V\u1eafc-xin u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Sabin c\u0169ng qua c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u1edbn, cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1963.<\/p>\n\n

X\u00f3a s\u1ed5 b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n\n

V\u1eafc-xin u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Sabin tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chu\u1ea9n trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. N\u00f3 r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n, d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n l\u00e2y lan.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 \u1edf h\u1ea7u kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nh\u1edd n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a Salk, Sabin v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Salk v\u00e0 Sabin<\/h2>\n\n

Jonas Salk v\u00e0 Albert Sabin l\u00e0 hai t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u1eafc-xin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

V\u1eafc-xin virus b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Salk ra \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd b\u1ec7nh t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9. V\u1eafc-xin u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Sabin hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y v\u00e0 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec, ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t: Jonas Salk v\u00e0 Albert Sabin \u00c1c m\u1ed9ng b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t B\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh li\u1ec7t tr\u1ebb em, l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25310,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[359],"tags":[4023,4022,705,4024,178],"class_list":["post-1879","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medicine","tag-albert-sabin","tag-jonas-salk","tag-medical-history","tag-polio-vaccine","tag-public-health"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1879","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1879"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1879\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25311,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1879\/revisions\/25311"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25310"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1879"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1879"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1879"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}