{"id":1881,"date":"2021-08-26T04:59:12","date_gmt":"2021-08-26T04:59:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1881"},"modified":"2021-08-26T04:59:12","modified_gmt":"2021-08-26T04:59:12","slug":"the-mega-cities-of-the-future-shaping-the-urban-landscape","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/urban-studies\/the-mega-cities-of-the-future-shaping-the-urban-landscape\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c si\u00eau \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng si\u00eau \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb – n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 2007, m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4ng h\u01a1n \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb – n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c si\u00eau \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/h2>\n\n

Khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. Nh\u1eefng si\u00eau \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u00e0y, v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00ean t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n

L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n

H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng si\u00eau \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0 giao th\u00f4ng, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng v\u1eeba b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00e0u kinh t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n

Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a McKinsey & Company, 75 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1eadp trung c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111ang tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh danh s\u00e1ch, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf. Bao g\u1ed3m Philadelphia, Miami, Chicago, Phoenix v\u00e0 Atlanta, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 chuy\u00ean gia tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/h2>\n\n

T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ed5 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m t\u1eadp trung. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u0169ng thu h\u00fat nh\u1eefng doanh nh\u00e2n tham v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1eabn mang \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n nghi v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 may r\u1ee7i<\/h2>\n\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Nassim Nicholas Taleb l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1ng \u1edf m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n l\u1ee3i \u00edch.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh<\/h2>\n\n

Khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n<\/h2>\n\n

Thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n. Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch do d\u00e2n tham gia, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/h2>\n\n

Giao th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c si\u00eau \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, \u0111i chung xe v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi di chuy\u1ec3n trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian xanh \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian xanh, nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, v\u01b0\u1eddn v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed, th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n v\u00e0 giao l\u01b0u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, gi\u1ea3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng, b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng si\u00eau \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb – n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n N\u0103m 2007, m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4026],"tags":[37,120,823,4025,3101],"class_list":["post-1881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-urban-studies","tag-innovation","tag-sustainability","tag-urban-planning","tag-economic-growth","tag-smart-cities"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1881","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1881"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1881\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1882,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1881\/revisions\/1882"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1881"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1881"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1881"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}