{"id":1986,"date":"2022-09-23T02:00:47","date_gmt":"2022-09-23T02:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1986"},"modified":"2022-09-23T02:00:47","modified_gmt":"2022-09-23T02:00:47","slug":"breast-cancer-genes-understanding-brca1-brca2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/medicine\/breast-cancer-genes-understanding-brca1-brca2\/","title":{"rendered":"Gen ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa: Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a BRCA1 v\u00e0 BRCA2"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gen ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa: Hi\u1ec3u vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a BRCA1 v\u00e0 BRCA2<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ung th\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong m\u00f4 v\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 gen ung th\u01b0<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c gen \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Khi nh\u1eefng gen n\u00e0y tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa, hai gen c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, BRCA1 v\u00e0 BRCA2, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c gen BRCA<\/h2>\n\n<p>BRCA1 v\u00e0 BRCA2 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gen \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf kh\u1ed1i u, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Nh\u1eefng gen n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa DNA b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen BRCA v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn \u1edf gen BRCA1 ho\u1eb7c BRCA2 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Nguy c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 36% \u0111\u1ebfn 85% trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen BRCA \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u1ede tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, BRCA1 v\u00e0 BRCA2 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c protein s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee9t trong DNA x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n chia t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn \u1edf nh\u1eefng gen n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng DNA m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. S\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen BRCA<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen BRCA c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1eaft b\u1ecf v\u00fa, c\u1eaft b\u1ecf v\u00f2i tr\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u1eaft b\u1ecf bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ung th\u01b0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ung th\u01b0, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn gen BRCA. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen BRCA v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen BRCA:<\/strong> C\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf gen BRCA. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 ung th\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng:<\/strong> Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nguy c\u01a1 ung th\u01b0, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft b\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen BRCA:<\/strong> Ngo\u00e0i ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen BRCA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eafm tr\u00fang \u0111\u00edch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111ang kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen BRCA. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p gen, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gen ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa: Hi\u1ec3u vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a BRCA1 v\u00e0 BRCA2 Ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ung th\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[359],"tags":[4234,4235,4233,188,4237,4236,97,147,1129],"class_list":["post-1986","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medicine","tag-brca1","tag-brca2","tag-breast-cancer","tag-genetics","tag-tumor-suppressor-genes","tag-cancer-genes","tag-science","tag-health","tag-medicine"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1986","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1986"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1986\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1987,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1986\/revisions\/1987"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1986"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1986"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1986"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}