{"id":206,"date":"2021-08-31T16:37:16","date_gmt":"2021-08-31T16:37:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=206"},"modified":"2021-08-31T16:37:16","modified_gmt":"2021-08-31T16:37:16","slug":"small-volcanoes-may-have-helped-slow-global-warming","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/earth-and-climate-science\/small-volcanoes-may-have-helped-slow-global-warming\/","title":{"rendered":"Li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o n\u00fai l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u?"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c n\u00fai l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n

N\u00fai l\u1eeda phun tr\u00e0o v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda phun tr\u00e0o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o nh\u1ecf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 trong “s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u” n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a n\u00fai l\u1eeda<\/h2>\n\n

Khi phun tr\u00e0o, n\u00fai l\u1eeda gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00ed l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh \u0111i\u00f4x\u00edt, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi oxy trong t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt axit sulfuric. Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01a1 l\u1eedng trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ra kh\u1ecfi Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u00fai l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o n\u00fai l\u1eeda l\u1edbn m\u1edbi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Massachusetts d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi suy ngh\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110o tro n\u00fai l\u1eeda<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ec7 tinh, khinh kh\u00ed c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tro n\u00fai l\u1eeda trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. H\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn tro b\u1ee5i, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gia t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o nh\u1ecf<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o n\u00fai l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gia t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi 0,2 \u0111\u1ed9 F (kho\u1ea3ng 0,1 \u0111\u1ed9 C). M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00f3i chung.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tro b\u1ee5i<\/h2>\n\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a n\u00fai l\u1eeda phun tr\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a tro b\u1ee5i. Tro b\u1ee5i gi\u00e0u c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t sunfat v\u00e0 silicat, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o n\u00fai l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00fai l\u1eeda c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n

Theo d\u00f5i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00fai l\u1eeda<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo d\u00f5i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00fai l\u1eeda tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a tro n\u00fai l\u1eeda, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a n\u00fai l\u1eeda phun tr\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00fai l\u1eeda phun tr\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trong bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c n\u00fai l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u N\u00fai l\u1eeda phun tr\u00e0o v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[573],"tags":[570,571,572,568,569],"class_list":["post-206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-and-climate-science","tag-climate-science","tag-atmospheric-science","tag-earth-science","tag-volcanoes","tag-global-warming"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=206"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":207,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/206\/revisions\/207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}