{"id":2169,"date":"2020-07-15T04:42:15","date_gmt":"2020-07-15T04:42:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2169"},"modified":"2020-07-15T04:42:15","modified_gmt":"2020-07-15T04:42:15","slug":"robert-higgins-the-father-of-mud-dragons-and-loricifera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/zoology\/robert-higgins-the-father-of-mud-dragons-and-loricifera\/","title":{"rendered":"Robert Higgins: cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a r\u1ed3ng b\u00f9n v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh Loricifera"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Robert Higgins: Cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a r\u1ed3ng b\u00f9n v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0nh Loricifera<\/h2>\n\n<p>Robert Higgins, nh\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u meiofauna, nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00e1t. Trong s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Higgins \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh Kinorhyncha, r\u1ed3ng b\u00f9n v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Loricifera.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Higgins v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh Kinorhyncha<\/h3>\n\n<p>H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Higgins v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi meiofauna b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Colorado. Trong khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p tardigrades, nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. B\u1ecb h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn b\u1edfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, Higgins \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eadp trung lu\u1eadn \u00e1n th\u1ea1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t m\u00f9a h\u00e8, Higgins \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Washington, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i thu\u1ed9c ng\u00e0nh Kinorhyncha. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 &#8220;bong b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 v\u1ebft b\u1ea9n&#8221; \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh Kinorhyncha v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 meiofauna.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 Ng\u00e0nh Loricifera<\/h3>\n\n<p>V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1974, trong khi thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i meiofauna ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc Carolina, Higgins \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt l\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u00f4ng t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n m\u1eabu v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Reinhardt Kristensen t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Copenhagen, \u00f4ng m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn ra t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n<p>V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1982, Kristensen \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eabu v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt g\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng nhau ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh m\u1edbi, m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Loricifera, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111eo th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng&#8221;. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 l\u1edbn trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0nh m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Higgins trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 Meiofauna<\/h3>\n\n<p>Trong su\u1ed1t s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Higgins \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 meiofauna. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Meiobenthology v\u00e0 cho ra m\u1eaft b\u1ea3n tin c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a &#8220;Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Meiofauna&#8221;, m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Higgins kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1edbi &#8220;\u00e1o ng\u1ef1c n\u00e0ng ti\u00ean c\u00e1&#8221;, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 meiofauna v\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i, bao g\u1ed3m Fernando Pardos, ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh Kinorhyncha.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t trong khoa h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Higgins n\u00eau b\u1eadt t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t trong khoa h\u1ecdc. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 meiofauna ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00e1t, c\u00e1c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra trong nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quan s\u00e1t b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt m\u1edbi trong meiofauna:<\/strong> Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Higgins v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh Loricifera v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh Kinorhyncha \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt bong b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 v\u1ebft b\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp meiofauna:<\/strong> K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt bong b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 v\u1ebft b\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Higgins \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp meiofauna, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 n\u00e0y kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1o ng\u1ef1c n\u00e0ng ti\u00ean c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc meiofauna:<\/strong> L\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1o ng\u1ef1c n\u00e0ng ti\u00ean c\u00e1 do Higgins thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc meiofauna t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1eabu n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap thu th\u1eadp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt m\u1ecfng manh n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa Robert Higgins v\u00e0 Fernando Pardos trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ng\u00e0nh Kinorhyncha:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c Higgins h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Pardos \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh Kinorhyncha. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ng\u00e0nh Loricifera c\u1ee7a Higgins v\u00e0 Kristensen:<\/strong> Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra ng\u00e0nh Loricifera l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 l\u1edbn trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n hi\u1ebfm hoi trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Robert Higgins: Cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a r\u1ed3ng b\u00f9n v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0nh Loricifera Robert Higgins, nh\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u meiofauna, nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[4532,4530,613,4531,4534,4535,4533,361],"class_list":["post-2169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-loricifera","tag-meiofauna","tag-scientific-discovery","tag-kinorhynchs","tag-research-techniques","tag-robert-higgins","tag-mud-dragons","tag-marine-biology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2169","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2169"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2169\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2170,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2169\/revisions\/2170"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}