{"id":2190,"date":"2023-07-26T21:28:39","date_gmt":"2023-07-26T21:28:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2190"},"modified":"2023-07-26T21:28:39","modified_gmt":"2023-07-26T21:28:39","slug":"thomas-edison-failures-lessons-learned","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/history-of-science\/thomas-edison-failures-lessons-learned\/","title":{"rendered":"Thomas Edison: Thi\u00ean t\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thomas Edison: Thi\u00ean t\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Thomas Edison<\/h2>\n\n<p>Thomas Edison, nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ca ng\u1ee3i l\u00e0 &#8220;Ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a Menlo Park&#8221;. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 \u00f3c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n v\u1ea5p ng\u00e3. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Edison, l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00e1y ghi phi\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng: B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ph\u00e1t minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Edison, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ghi phi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia t\u1ecf ra nghi ng\u1edd, lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y cho Edison t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t minh theo nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u00fat \u0111i\u1ec7n: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, Edison \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u b\u00fat \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ebft tay. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed3n \u00e0o v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u1ef1c r\u01b0\u1eddm r\u00e0 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi. D\u1eabu v\u1eady, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sau n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e1y sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 kim x\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00e1y h\u00e1t \u0111\u0129a thi\u1ebfc: H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 sai s\u00f3t<\/h2>\n\n<p>Chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y h\u00e1t \u0111\u0129a mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Edison kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u0129a thi\u1ebfc g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecfng manh v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xi lanh s\u00e1p b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3 thi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u00fap b\u00ea bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t con b\u00fap b\u00ea bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Edison \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u. Nh\u1eefng con b\u00fap b\u00ea r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng manh, gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang b\u1ecb cho l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu v\u00e0 ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng. Th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00e1ch qu\u1eb7ng: M\u1ed9t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m<\/h2>\n\n<p>D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a Edison trong ng\u00e0nh khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00e1ch qu\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ee5c nghi\u1ec1n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thang m\u00e1y xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y Edison nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u00ecnh Edison: B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang<\/h2>\n\n<p>Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u00ecnh Edison c\u1ee7a Edison \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng cung c\u1ea5p cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u0129a h\u00e1t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh theo quy m\u00f4.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00e1y chi\u1ebfu phim ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh gia \u0111\u00ecnh: Nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung<\/h2>\n\n<p>Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i c\u1ee7a Edison v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1edbi M\u00e1y chi\u1ebfu phim ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c phim h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng th\u00edch nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 phim truy\u1ec7n d\u00e0i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n phim ng\u1eafn mang t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Edison<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Edison \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00fang nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li>Tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t minh th\u00f4ng qua th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 sai s\u00f3t<\/li>\n<li>Duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m theo s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/li>\n<li>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp thu kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, Edison \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea ph\u00e1t minh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho \u00f4ng nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u00f4 gi\u00e1, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean di s\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Thomas Edison: Thi\u00ean t\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Thomas Edison Thomas Edison, nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[4573,4577,37,4578,4576,4575,4572,4571,4574],"class_list":["post-2190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history-of-science","tag-electric-pen","tag-edison-home-service-club","tag-innovation","tag-home-projecting-kinetoscope","tag-ore-mills-and-separators","tag-talking-doll","tag-failures","tag-thomas-edison","tag-tinfoil-phonograph"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2190"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2190\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2191,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2190\/revisions\/2191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}