{"id":2248,"date":"2020-02-02T15:55:28","date_gmt":"2020-02-02T15:55:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2248"},"modified":"2020-02-02T15:55:28","modified_gmt":"2020-02-02T15:55:28","slug":"history-of-mobile-phones-a-linguistic-adventure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/communication-technology\/history-of-mobile-phones-a-linguistic-adventure\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng: M\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng: M\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1ed9 phim “Eve’s Wireless”: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1ed9 phim c\u00e2m “Eve’s Wireless” n\u0103m 1922 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 h\u01a1n, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong phim th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 radio tinh th\u1ec3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n

Radio tinh th\u1ec3: Ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n

Radio tinh th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1900 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n pin ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0103ng-ten d\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 d\u00f2 tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 thu s\u00f3ng radio. “\u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong “Eve’s Wireless” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u00e0nh cho radio tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n\n

Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “\u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y” d\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920 khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u1ee6y ban v\u1ec1 danh ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1922, khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “radio” thay v\u00ec “kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y”. S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m-\u0111i\u1ec3m sang ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng, cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y thu c\u00f9ng l\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e8n ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e8n ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t thanh. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Edwin Howard Armstrong \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e8n ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1910 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u radio, cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c do nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef. Nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 “\u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khi di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a radio, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p li\u00ean l\u1ea1c kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00f4 d\u00f9 l\u00e0m \u0103ng-ten v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u00edt nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1910 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu s\u00f3ng radio m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0103ng-ten l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n

Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u. H\u1ecd \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, n\u01a1i thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng tham gia v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t thanh. B\u1ed9 phim “Eve’s Wireless” cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn tho\u00e1ng qua v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, v\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ngh\u0129a theo th\u1eddi gian. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “\u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3u sai c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1900, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, t\u0103ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi cho truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn. Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00fa v\u1ecb h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng: M\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef B\u1ed9 phim “Eve’s Wireless”: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn B\u1ed9 phim c\u00e2m “Eve’s Wireless” n\u0103m 1922 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4672],"tags":[4670,4669,3454,4671,1145,4668],"class_list":["post-2248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-communication-technology","tag-crystal-radios","tag-mobile-phones","tag-history-of-technology","tag-linguistic-challenges","tag-language-evolution","tag-radio-communication"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2248"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2248\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2249,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2248\/revisions\/2249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}