{"id":226,"date":"2020-01-25T03:25:29","date_gmt":"2020-01-25T03:25:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=226"},"modified":"2020-01-25T03:25:29","modified_gmt":"2020-01-25T03:25:29","slug":"rediscovering-garum-ancient-roman-fish-sauce","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/food-science\/rediscovering-garum-ancient-roman-fish-sauce\/","title":{"rendered":"Garum: N\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t c\u00e1 tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a La M\u00e3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u00e1i sinh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i Garum: N\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t c\u00e1 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a La M\u00e3<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Garum: M\u00f3n ngon tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a La M\u00e3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n<p>Garum, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t c\u00e1 l\u00ean men, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0103n tinh t\u1ebf trong n\u1ec1n \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c La M\u00e3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng, garum g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 Garum<\/h3>\n\n<p>Garum \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00ean men nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1 nh\u1ecf b\u00e9o v\u1edbi mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 protein c\u1ee7a c\u00e1, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0, gi\u00e0u umami. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m garum thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Liquamen v\u00e0 Garum Sociorum<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t c\u00e1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi La M\u00e3 c\u00f2n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra hai lo\u1ea1i garum kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Liquamen:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t c\u00e1 \u00edt \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong n\u1ea5u \u0103n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Garum sociorum:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb m\u00e1u v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng Garum \u1edf Pompeii<\/h3>\n\n<p>N\u0103m 2009, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u01b0\u1edbp c\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u1edf Pompeii, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng Garum. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t garum \u1edf La M\u00e3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1i t\u1ea1o Garum trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc C\u00e1diz \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng Garum \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o garum. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00e0n t\u00edch b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (c\u00e1 c\u01a1m) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o (b\u1ea1c h\u00e0, x\u00f4 th\u01a1m, h\u00fang t\u00e2y, oregano).<\/p>\n\n<p>Garum t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Flor de Garum, c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb m\u1eb7n, \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf T\u00e2y Ban Nha ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Garum<\/h3>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i garum \u0111\u00e3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c La M\u00e3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t c\u00e1 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a garum c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Flor de Garum v\u1eabn mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn tho\u00e1ng qua v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0103n tinh t\u1ebf trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf d\u1ec5 ki\u1ebfm cho Garum c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai t\u00f2 m\u00f2 v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t c\u00e1 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 ki\u1ebfm:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Red Boat Nuoc Mam Nhi:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 liquamen.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ishiri:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb m\u00e1u v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng m\u1ef1c l\u00ean men, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 garum sociorum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Garum<\/h3>\n\n<p>Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i garum sociorum kh\u00f3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Flor de Garum v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf d\u1ec5 ki\u1ebfm nh\u01b0 ishiri cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a La M\u00e3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i Garum: N\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t c\u00e1 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a La M\u00e3 Garum: M\u00f3n ngon tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a La M\u00e3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i Garum, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t c\u00e1 l\u00ean men,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[628],"tags":[625,624,620,622,621,623,626,627],"class_list":["post-226","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-food-science","tag-garum","tag-food-science","tag-ancient-rome","tag-fermentation","tag-culinary-history","tag-fish-sauce","tag-roman-cuisine","tag-umami"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/226","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=226"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/226\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":227,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/226\/revisions\/227"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=226"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=226"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=226"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}