{"id":2279,"date":"2024-04-25T06:16:33","date_gmt":"2024-04-25T06:16:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2279"},"modified":"2024-04-25T06:16:33","modified_gmt":"2024-04-25T06:16:33","slug":"james-w-rouse-visionary-urban-planner","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/life\/urban-living\/james-w-rouse-visionary-urban-planner\/","title":{"rendered":"James W. Rouse: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">James W. Rouse: Nh\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn xa<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1eddi tr\u1ebb<\/h2>\n\n<p>James W. Rouse sinh n\u0103m 1914 t\u1ea1i Easton, Maryland. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb, v\u1eeba h\u1ecdc v\u1eeba l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kinh doanh kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1940, Rouse b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c khu \u1ed5 chu\u1ed9t \u1edf Baltimore.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m mua s\u1eafm<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950, Rouse \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Trung t\u00e2m mua s\u1eafm Harundale Mall \u1edf Maryland, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m mua s\u1eafm trong nh\u00e0 th\u1ee9 hai t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng mua s\u1eafm, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp v\u00e0 giao l\u01b0u.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Columbia, Maryland: M\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy ho\u1ea1ch<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rouse tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 mua h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn m\u1eabu Anh \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf Qu\u1eadn Howard, Maryland, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Columbia.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rouse c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh cho Columbia:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 duy tr\u00ec, n\u01a1i c\u01b0 d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eeba s\u1ed1ng v\u1eeba l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng gian xanh.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quy ho\u1ea1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rouse \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch, nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, nh\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Columbia. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t t\u1eadp trung xung quanh m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. M\u1ed7i khu ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00edch h\u1ee3p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rouse tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp. Columbia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0 c\u0103n h\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi tr\u1ea3 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u Rouse \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i th\u00edch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh quan c\u1ee7a Columbia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, thu h\u00fat c\u1ea3 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Columbia<\/h2>\n\n<p>Columbia m\u1edf c\u1eeda v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1967 v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu cho quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu h\u00fat c\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, Columbia \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thu\u1ebf cao, t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh cho r\u1eb1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Rouse v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a James W. Rouse v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. Trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1967, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Columbia, Maryland<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a James W. Rouse cho Columbia<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Columbia \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/li>\n<li>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Columbia<\/li>\n<li>Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a James W. Rouse<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>James W. Rouse: Nh\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn xa Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1eddi tr\u1ebb James W. Rouse sinh n\u0103m 1914 t\u1ea1i Easton, Maryland. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4719],"tags":[4718,4552,297,823,4717,115],"class_list":["post-2279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-urban-living","tag-columbia-maryland","tag-urban-renewal","tag-architecture","tag-urban-planning","tag-city-design","tag-community-building"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2279"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2279\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2280,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2279\/revisions\/2280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}