{"id":2812,"date":"2020-08-28T14:29:08","date_gmt":"2020-08-28T14:29:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2812"},"modified":"2020-08-28T14:29:08","modified_gmt":"2020-08-28T14:29:08","slug":"the-royal-navys-rum-ration-a-historical-overview","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/life\/history\/the-royal-navys-rum-ration-a-historical-overview\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia: T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia: T\u1ed5ng quan l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n ra<\/h2>\n\n

Trong h\u01a1n hai th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia. C\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o “qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n ra h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y” r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n. Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh scorbut, m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y ra do thi\u1ebfu vitamin C. R\u01b0\u1ee3u rum, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1t chanh, cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n vitamin C r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 tr\u00ean t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n. C\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c. Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 v\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t h\u1ecd v\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi sai tr\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u1ee3t gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00edt quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia. C\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh scorbut kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda l\u1edbn. H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n c\u0169ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n

N\u0103m 1970, H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e3i b\u1ecf kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh scorbut, n\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7. Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1edb trong H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia. C\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n gian v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia l\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u<\/h2>\n\n

H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00fd do. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u00e2n c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7. Th\u1ee9 hai, r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum gi\u00fap th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 vui v\u1ebb v\u00e0 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng, qua \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 x\u1ea3y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n. Th\u1ee9 ba, r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh scorbut v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum trong H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia<\/h2>\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1970, H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e3i b\u1ecf kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng khi th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum b\u1ecb b\u00e3i b\u1ecf, trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c hoan ngh\u00eanh thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y trong H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh scorbut, n\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7. Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1ch r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh scorbut \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7<\/h2>\n\n

R\u01b0\u1ee3u rum t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a vitamin C, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1t chanh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p vitamin C d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o. N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1t chanh gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh scorbut, m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t. Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u0169ng gi\u00fap th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 vui v\u1ebb v\u00e0 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng, qua \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 x\u1ea3y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u1ee3t gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum trong H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00edt quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia. C\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh scorbut kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda l\u1edbn. H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n c\u0169ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh scorbut, n\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7. Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0ng gia: T\u1ed5ng quan l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n ra Trong h\u01a1n hai th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u rum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[767],"tags":[5562,5563,5560,5561,5564,4526,5565],"class_list":["post-2812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history","tag-scurvy","tag-morale","tag-royal-navy","tag-rum-ration","tag-discipline","tag-naval-history","tag-vitamin-c"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2812","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2812"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2812\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2813,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2812\/revisions\/2813"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2812"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2812"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2812"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}