{"id":2830,"date":"2019-06-16T10:33:15","date_gmt":"2019-06-16T10:33:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=2830"},"modified":"2019-06-16T10:33:15","modified_gmt":"2019-06-16T10:33:15","slug":"codex-amiatinus-returns-to-england-after-1300-years","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/art\/medieval-art\/codex-amiatinus-returns-to-england-after-1300-years\/","title":{"rendered":"Codex Amiatinus tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i: Cu\u1ed1n Kinh Th\u00e1nh La-tinh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Anh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Codex Amiatinus tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i: Cu\u1ed1n Kinh th\u00e1nh La tinh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Anh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

Codex Amiatinus: M\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 716, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i tu vi\u1ec7n Wearmouth-Jarrow \u1edf v\u00f9ng Northumbria thu\u1ed9c Anh th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra Codex Amiatinus, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n Kinh th\u00e1nh La tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1eb7ng t\u1edbi 75 pound v\u00e0 d\u00e0y m\u1ed9t foot khi \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i, cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Anglo-Saxon.<\/p>\n\n

H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh xuy\u00ean th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba<\/h2>\n\n

Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, Codex Amiatinus \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 cho Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Gregory II \u1edf Rome, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 can thi\u1ec7p khi Vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 Ceolfrith, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0m cu\u1ed1n Kinh th\u00e1nh, qua \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00dd. B\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tu vi\u1ec7n \u1edf Tuscany, n\u01a1i n\u00f3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1eeb l\u00e2u<\/h2>\n\n

H\u01a1n m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 sau, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2018, Codex Amiatinus \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1eeb l\u00e2u v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh. Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Anh, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3n vay t\u1eeb Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana \u1edf Florence, trao cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n Anglo-Saxon<\/h2>\n\n

Codex Amiatinus c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a to l\u1edbn v\u00ec l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n Kinh th\u00e1nh La tinh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba b\u1ea3n sao do Vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 Ceolfrith \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0m, trong khi hai b\u1ea3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anglo-Saxon.<\/p>\n\n

Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n

Codex Amiatinus kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5. H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1eeb Anh \u0111\u1ebfn \u00dd v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i Anh l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n

C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/h2>\n\n

Tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Anh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y Codex Amiatinus c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m Ph\u00fac \u00e2m St. Cuthbert, cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch ch\u00e2u \u00c2u nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 di ch\u00fac c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng nhau shed light v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Anh, x\u00f3a tan nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Anglo-Saxon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111en t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ngu d\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n

Codex Amiatinus kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 n\u00e9t ch\u1eef thanh l\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Anglo-Saxon \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u00f3. V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho di s\u1ea3n l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u1ecdn h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n

Codex Amiatinus \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c trang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 khai s\u00e1ng cho nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3, nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n. S\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 Anh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n vinh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Codex Amiatinus tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i: Cu\u1ed1n Kinh th\u00e1nh La tinh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Anh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Codex Amiatinus: M\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 N\u0103m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5597],"tags":[5594,5595,5592,5593,27,9,5596,533],"class_list":["post-2830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medieval-art","tag-anglo-saxon","tag-medieval-manuscripts","tag-codex-amiatinus","tag-latin-bible","tag-history","tag-art","tag-british-library","tag-literature"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2830"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2830\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2831,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2830\/revisions\/2831"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}