{"id":3010,"date":"2020-04-22T20:10:36","date_gmt":"2020-04-22T20:10:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3010"},"modified":"2020-04-22T20:10:36","modified_gmt":"2020-04-22T20:10:36","slug":"farming-in-flux-the-challenges-facing-willard-farm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/agriculture-and-food\/farming-in-flux-the-challenges-facing-willard-farm\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i Willard: Di s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i: Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 N\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i Willard ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t<\/h2>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai<\/h2>\n\n

N\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng Still River th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng, Massachusetts, N\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i Willard l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho di s\u1ea3n l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Trong h\u01a1n 350 n\u0103m, gia \u0111\u00ecnh Willard \u0111\u00e3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng 17 m\u1eabu Anh n\u00e0y, tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h2>\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a N\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i Willard v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Paul, 80 tu\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 Wendell, 74 tu\u1ed5i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trang tr\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u v\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng trong khi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/h2>\n\n

Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1eabu h\u00ecnh m\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 kh\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, N\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i Willard \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua c\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a l\u1edbn v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 thua l\u1ed7 v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di s\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Willard v\u1eabn quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m g\u00ecn gi\u1eef di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p canh t\u00e1c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd k\u1ebf th\u1eeba h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/h2>\n\n

T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a N\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i Willard nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1i, b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u1ea3nh quan n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n

Ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h2>\n\n

Nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia Ellen Harasimowicz \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 Willard v\u00e0 trang tr\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong h\u01a1n ba n\u0103m. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n “Living Like Grass” c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, s\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Harasimowicz l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/h2>\n\n

Gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 Willard \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo d\u00f5i trung th\u00e0nh trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Still River. Qu\u1ea7y h\u00e0ng theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a trang tr\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1eabn nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n coi tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n

C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Harasimowicz v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 Willard \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u00e0 Willard s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, Simon, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Concord, Massachusetts. Con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng nh\u1eefng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a N\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i Willard<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a N\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i Willard v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Willard, Eleanor, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 mong mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n trang tr\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, gia \u0111\u00ecnh cam k\u1ebft g\u00ecn gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea5t trong tay v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 N\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i Willard l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di s\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i: Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 N\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i Willard ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t Di s\u1ea3n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai N\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng Still River th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5878],"tags":[1194,34,5877,287,5876,120,4649],"class_list":["post-3010","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-agriculture-and-food","tag-food-security","tag-climate-change","tag-rural-communities","tag-agriculture","tag-family-farming","tag-sustainability","tag-local-food"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3010","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3010"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3010\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3011,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3010\/revisions\/3011"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3010"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3010"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3010"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}