Trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1eeb h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u00e1 c\u1edd M\u1ef9 mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Jasper John \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb mang t\u00ednh l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Andy Warhol, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n
Charles Willson Peale l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111a di\u1ec7n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i n\u0103ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cam k\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. L\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con t\u1ef1 do, Peale \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n dung v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t, bao g\u1ed3m Thomas Jefferson, Lewis & Clark, John Hancock v\u00e0 Alexander Hamilton. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 George Washington, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd h\u01a1n 60 l\u1ea7n, n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n
Trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn tranh. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 Ellsworth Kelly, m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Kelly \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu xe t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3, xe jeep v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb cao su, v\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 g\u1ed7. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ed3i nh\u1eed n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ee9c khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n
Andy Warhol, ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u0103m 1972 v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m in “H\u00e3y b\u1ea7u cho McGovern”. V\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ch\u00e2n dung nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a Richard Nixon v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef “B\u1ea7u cho McGovern” b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m in ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Warhol \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. M\u00e0u s\u1eafc k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n dung, v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Nixon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c nh\u1ea1t kh\u00f4 h\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft v\u00e0ng \u01b0\u01a1m, truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ea5t an v\u00e0 l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5. M\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n c\u00e0ng \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 th\u00eam l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch c\u1ee7a Warhol \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Nixon.<\/p>\n\n
T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m in “H\u00e3y b\u1ea7u cho McGovern” c\u1ee7a Warhol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ch\u00e2n dung kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Nixon b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, Warhol \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n ng\u00f4n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n
Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a, c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o k\u00fd \u1ee9c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n dung c\u1ee7a Peale v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng anh h\u00f9ng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch c\u1ee7a Warhol v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\n
S\u1ef1 giao thoa gi\u1eefa ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111a chi\u1ec1u. Trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec1u phong c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb ch\u00e2n dung truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eeba t\u00f4n vinh v\u1eeba th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn di\u1ec5n ng\u00f4n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xem x\u00e9t vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc: M\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ec3…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":23845,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5914],"tags":[5909,5911,5907,5905,5906,19,104,1375,5910,743,5908,56,5912,5913],"class_list":["post-3031","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-patriotic-art","tag-national-identity","tag-political-commentary","tag-flag-waving-artists","tag-charles-willson-peale","tag-ellsworth-kelly","tag-american-history","tag-art-history","tag-pop-art","tag-patriotic-art","tag-camouflage","tag-historical-perspectives","tag-world-war-ii","tag-subliminal-messaging","tag-warhol"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3031","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3031"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3031\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3032,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3031\/revisions\/3032"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23845"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3031"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3031"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3031"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}