{"id":3068,"date":"2020-01-21T09:03:04","date_gmt":"2020-01-21T09:03:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3068"},"modified":"2020-01-21T09:03:04","modified_gmt":"2020-01-21T09:03:04","slug":"building-sustainable-cities-a-guide-for-the-21st-century","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/environmental-science\/building-sustainable-cities-a-guide-for-the-21st-century\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xanh: T\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xanh t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e2u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xanh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xanh l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo c\u00e1ch th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng bao g\u1ed3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1eb9: M\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn giao th\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/h2>\n\n<p>T\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch. T\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn giao th\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00ec n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra \u00edt \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch di chuy\u1ec3n thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng, t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 xe h\u01a1i \u1edf nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn: Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 cao v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111a m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh s\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 mua s\u1eafm \u1edf g\u1ea7n nhau, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng \u00f4 t\u00f4.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn c\u0169ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n sinh th\u00e1i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i. H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n \u00edt \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Portland, Oregon:<\/strong> Portland \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xanh v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho xe \u0111\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Minneapolis, Minnesota:<\/strong> Minneapolis c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i CO2, t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Burlington, Vermont:<\/strong> Burlington c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a Burlington Community Land Trust, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u01b0 d\u00e2n c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Austin, Texas:<\/strong> Austin \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n 600 megawatt n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1ea5y 20 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o trong v\u00f2ng 15 n\u0103m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Boulder, Colorado:<\/strong> Boulder c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i \u0111i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 v\u00e0nh \u0111ai xanh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xanh:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn giao th\u00f4ng, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn h\u01a1n:<\/strong> C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u00edt \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u1eed t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n, l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i h\u01a1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xanh: T\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[34,5972,5974,119,4861,5973],"class_list":["post-3068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environmental-science","tag-climate-change","tag-sustainable-cities","tag-compact-development","tag-renewable-energy","tag-public-transportation","tag-green-building"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3068","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3068"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3068\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3069,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3068\/revisions\/3069"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3068"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3068"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3068"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}