{"id":3133,"date":"2024-09-12T16:08:57","date_gmt":"2024-09-12T16:08:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3133"},"modified":"2024-09-12T16:08:57","modified_gmt":"2024-09-12T16:08:57","slug":"lions-in-peril-the-impact-of-human-population-growth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/life\/wildlife\/lions-in-peril-the-impact-of-human-population-growth\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa s\u01b0 t\u1eed trong c\u01a1n nguy kh\u1ed1n: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa s\u01b0 t\u1eed trong c\u01a1n nguy kh\u1ed1n: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1edd b\u00e0i b\u00e1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 “S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa s\u01b0 t\u1eed”, ch\u00fang ta nay \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y n\u00ean t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Khi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 ch\u00edn t\u1ef7 trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho c\u1ea3 lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt n\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa s\u01b0 t\u1eed, nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb vua th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Serengeti<\/h2>\n\n

T\u1eebng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa s\u01b0 t\u1eed trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u1ea1i Serengeti v\u00e0 h\u1ed1 Ngorongoro, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang oai v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt h\u00f9ng v\u0129 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u1ecfa ra h\u00e0o quang uy l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u1eadt cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p, ngay c\u1ea3 khi quan s\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1m tr\u00e1n t\u1ea1i h\u1ed1 Ngorongoro, m\u1ed9t con s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ef1c to l\u1edbn, tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi ba k\u1ebb truy \u0111u\u1ed5i, \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n xe ch\u00fang t\u00f4i trong gang t\u1ea5c. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng th\u1edf h\u1ed5n h\u1ec3n kh\u00f3 nh\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi n\u00f3 t\u00ecm n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n trong \u0111\u00e1m c\u1ecf cao. May m\u1eafn thay, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 h\u1ea5n g\u00ec, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m s\u1ebd theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

S\u0103n b\u1eafn v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 s\u01b0 t\u1eed: M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/h2>\n\n

L\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng s\u0103n b\u1eafn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y n\u00ean t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy gi\u1ea3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u1edf Tanzania l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tranh c\u00e3i. Kenya \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5m s\u0103n b\u1eaft th\u00fa l\u1edbn v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 suy gi\u1ea3m. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Tanzania, qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u0103n b\u1eafn th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa s\u0103n b\u1eafn v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 s\u01b0 t\u1eed ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ngh\u0129. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u0103n tr\u1ed9m, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u0103n b\u1eafn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 s\u01b0 t\u1eed c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

Phineas Gage: M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 y h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u00e1p l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Phineas Gage, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1ea7n kinh, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u1ea3nh ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh daguerreotype. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp theo v\u00e0 tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Phineas Gage b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n

\u1ea8m th\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ee9c: Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 x\u00fac x\u00edch v\u00e0 khoai t\u00e2y<\/h2>\n\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft “Skenario t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u00f3n Wurst” c\u1ee7a Andrew Blechman \u0111\u00e3 vu kh\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng r\u1eb1ng \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u00f3n \u0103n r\u1eadp khu\u00f4n g\u1ed3m th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 khoai t\u00e2y. Sau 15 n\u0103m s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, v\u00e0 \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng Baden. Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Blechman, c\u00e1c b\u1eefa \u0103n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng theo ba m\u00f3n, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng s\u00fap v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng m\u00f3n tr\u00e1ng mi\u1ec7ng.<\/p>\n\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5u ch\u00edn k\u1ef9. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ecbt l\u1ee3n v\u00e0 th\u1ecbt v\u1ecbt th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5u v\u1eeba ch\u00edn t\u1edbi. Quan ni\u1ec7m r\u1eb1ng \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ee9c n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1edfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u00f3 225 nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao sao Michelin, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ba sao h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Hoa K\u1ef3<\/h2>\n\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Ferling v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Tr\u1eadn Saratoga nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00f4ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng “kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o”, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u1ee7a Anh sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i Saratoga \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n\n

Li\u00ean minh Ph\u00e1p-M\u1ef9 sau \u0111\u00f3, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i Saratoga, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 H\u00e0 Lan \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c Anh ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0n tr\u1ea3i ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n h\u1ecd t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf M\u1ef9, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Anh.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1eeda l\u1ed7i: \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn N\u00fai Kings<\/h2>\n\n

Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn N\u00fai Kings n\u0103m 1780, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Ferling, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf B\u1eafc Carolina nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf ph\u1ea7n thu\u1ed9c Nam Carolina c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y n\u00fai Kings Mountain.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa s\u01b0 t\u1eed trong c\u01a1n nguy kh\u1ed1n: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1edd b\u00e0i b\u00e1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 “S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24317,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[949],"tags":[605,6090,99,3695,5026,252],"class_list":["post-3133","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wildlife","tag-wildlife-conservation","tag-human-impact-on-the-environment","tag-lifescienceart","tag-animal-rights","tag-lions","tag-nature"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3133","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3133"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3133\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24318,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3133\/revisions\/24318"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24317"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3133"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3133"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3133"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}