N\u0103m 1666, London \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c, thi\u00eau r\u1ee5i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 trong b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0y, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y g\u1ea7n 90% nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda. Theo ghi ch\u00e9p, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft trong s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean: ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u00e1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1eed vong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c, h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n
S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, s\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 thi\u00eau r\u1ee5i nhi\u1ec1u thi th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u00edt b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng. Th\u1ee9 hai, c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 trung l\u01b0u, trong khi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1666, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p y c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t th\u00f4 s\u01a1, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5u s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb \u0110\u00e1m ch\u00e1y l\u1edbn \u1edf London, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Tr\u1edb tr\u00eau thay, \u0111\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i x\u1ea3y ra th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. S\u00e1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 t\u1eed b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea3y kh\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh ng\u00e3 t\u1eed vong. Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00ec ng\u00e3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft trong ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n
Neil Hanson, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch “\u0110\u00e1m ch\u00e1y l\u1edbn \u1edf London: V\u00e0o n\u0103m t\u1eadn th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, 1666”, \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u00d4ng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng “c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn” ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng trong \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Hanson d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u00e1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft trong \u0110\u00e1m ch\u00e1y l\u1edbn \u1edf London c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. Khi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ch\u00ecm trong bi\u1ec3n l\u1eeda, c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 trung l\u01b0u th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n
S\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e1m ch\u00e1y l\u1edbn \u1edf London \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c, h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa con s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t ho\u1eb7c thi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong \u0110\u00e1m ch\u00e1y l\u1edbn \u1edf London v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 s\u00e1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. C\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng trong \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t bi th\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb lu m\u1edd b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0110\u00e1m ch\u00e1y l\u1edbn \u1edf London: S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed N\u0103m 1666, London \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c, thi\u00eau r\u1ee5i th\u00e0nh…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[6162,27,6165,6164,6163],"class_list":["post-3178","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-great-fire-of-london","tag-history","tag-london-history","tag-discrepancy","tag-death-toll"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3178"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3178\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3179,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3178\/revisions\/3179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3178"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}