{"id":3313,"date":"2020-09-14T08:41:53","date_gmt":"2020-09-14T08:41:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3313"},"modified":"2020-09-14T08:41:53","modified_gmt":"2020-09-14T08:41:53","slug":"gray-whale-deaths-san-francisco-bay-area-climate-change-food-scarcity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/marine-biology\/gray-whale-deaths-san-francisco-bay-area-climate-change-food-scarcity\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u1edf V\u1ecbnh San Francisco: M\u1ed9t h\u1ed3i chu\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u1edf V\u1ecbnh San Francisco: M\u1ed9t h\u1ed3i chu\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u1eed vong b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n

Trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ch\u1ebft \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c V\u1ecbnh San Francisco. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2023, ch\u00edn con c\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft d\u1ea1t v\u00e0o b\u1edd, t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1eed vong th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebfn ba con trong c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1eed vong<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt Bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 v\u00fa \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ba con c\u00e1 voi ch\u1ebft do va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi t\u00e0u, trong khi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1eed vong c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con c\u00e1 voi v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ed1n con c\u00e1 voi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m c\u1ee7a Baja California, Mexico, \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u1edf B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng m\u00f9a h\u00e8, ch\u00fang ki\u1ebfm \u0103n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, t\u00edch tr\u1eef m\u1ee1 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef cho h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Mexico v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111ang t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao l\u00e0m tan b\u0103ng bi\u1ec3n, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00ec ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 di c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 c\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ebfm \u0103n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i gi\u00e1p x\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u00e2n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n\n

D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c. M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u0103m nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1 voi ki\u1ebfm \u0103n \u1edf V\u1ecbnh San Francisco tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di c\u01b0 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n gia t\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1 voi \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n b\u1edd h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u1ee9c \u0103n.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u1eed vong h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u1eed vong b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1999 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2000, h\u01a1n 600 con c\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft d\u1ecdc theo B\u1edd T\u00e2y B\u1eafc M\u1ef9. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1eed vong \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin r\u1eb1ng n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m ch\u1ebft trong n\u0103m nay kh\u00f4ng cao b\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c trong s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u1eed vong tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1eabn lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n. Frances Gulland, c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00fa y UC Davis, \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 70 con c\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u00f9a k\u1ebft th\u00fac n\u1ebfu t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n. C\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp carbon, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m. H\u1ecd \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1m nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eed thi, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1eabu m\u00f4 v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1 voi \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u1eed vong b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1 voi x\u00e1m ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u1edf V\u1ecbnh San Francisco: M\u1ed9t h\u1ed3i chu\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u1eed vong b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng Trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[34,6391,238,6392,6393,6394],"class_list":["post-3313","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-marine-biology","tag-climate-change","tag-gray-whales","tag-marine-mammals","tag-food-scarcity","tag-arctic-ecosystem","tag-unusual-mortality-event"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3313","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3313"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3313\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3314,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3313\/revisions\/3314"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3313"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3313"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3313"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}