{"id":3344,"date":"2019-04-19T15:43:20","date_gmt":"2019-04-19T15:43:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3344"},"modified":"2019-04-19T15:43:20","modified_gmt":"2019-04-19T15:43:20","slug":"plastic-pollution-deep-ocean","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/oceanography\/plastic-pollution-deep-ocean\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a: \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a: \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/h2>\n\n

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a \u1edf bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u<\/h2>\n\n

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 5.000 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7n bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 89% trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a. R\u00e1c th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u00fai, chai l\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng h\u00fat.<\/p>\n\n

R\u00e3nh Mariana, n\u01a1i s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. M\u1ed9t t\u00fai nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u g\u1ea7n 36.000 feet d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m xa x\u00f4i n\u00e0y. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n\n

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a trong 17% h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00edu \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 l\u1ea1nh, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u01a1i d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u00eatan r\u1ec9 ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t. C\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i m\u1ecfng manh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n\n

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a trong chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/h2>\n\n

Khi nh\u1ef1a b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y theo th\u1eddi gian, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd v\u1ee1 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t vi nh\u1ef1a nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng vi nh\u1ef1a n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n \u0103n v\u00e0o, t\u1eeb lo\u00e0i gi\u00e1p x\u00e1c nh\u1ecf cho \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 voi t\u1ea5m kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. Vi nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1eed vong.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia tin r\u1eb1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u1edf 10 qu\u1ed1c gia g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m 77% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ef1a th\u1ea3i ra \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nh\u1ef1a di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n ra bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ef1a th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a: \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a \u1edf bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2003],"tags":[1298,6438,36,263,1302],"class_list":["post-3344","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-oceanography","tag-marine-conservation","tag-deep-sea","tag-environmental-science","tag-plastic-pollution","tag-oceanography"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3344","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3344"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3344\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3345,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3344\/revisions\/3345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3344"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3344"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3344"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}