{"id":3483,"date":"2022-10-02T17:08:56","date_gmt":"2022-10-02T17:08:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3483"},"modified":"2022-10-02T17:08:56","modified_gmt":"2022-10-02T17:08:56","slug":"traffic-jams-a-global-problem-with-surprising-consequences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/transportation\/traffic-jams-a-global-problem-with-surprising-consequences\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1eb9t xe: Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1eb9t xe: V\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u00ea li\u1ec7t giao th\u00f4ng \u1edf S\u00e3o Paulo<\/h2>\n\n<p>S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1eb9t xe nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Trung b\u00ecnh, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1eb9t xe \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 11 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n n\u00e0y tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i 180 km v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ed1i th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 300 km v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u00e0m d\u00e0nh v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong xe h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa l\u00fac k\u1eb9t xe.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u00e0m<\/h2>\n\n<p>Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0110au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u00e0m h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a IBM, kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m S\u00e3o Paulo, \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Mexico l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111i l\u00e0m &#8220;\u0111au kh\u1ed5&#8221; nh\u1ea5t. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t n\u00e0y \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng 10 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u00e0m, bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eddi gian \u0111i l\u00e0m, th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t xe v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Mexico \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1eb9t xe \u1edf S\u00e3o Paulo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c k\u1eb9t xe \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>K\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1eb9t xe t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010, m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 k\u1eb9t xe d\u00e0i 120 km v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 11 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb B\u1eafc Kinh v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5. C\u00e1c t\u00e0i x\u1ebf bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch theo \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb km m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110i l\u00e0m v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1eb9t xe c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y b\u1ef1c b\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. Fabiana Crespo, m\u1ed9t c\u01b0 d\u00e2n S\u00e3o Paulo, \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p ch\u1ed3ng m\u00ecnh khi \u0111ang b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t xe. Sau m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u00e1nh nh\u00ecn t\u00e1n t\u1ec9nh qua c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 xe h\u01a1i, Mauricio \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Fabiana \u0111\u01b0a s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i cho anh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh b\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Theo cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a IBM, giao th\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u00e0m, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn mu\u1ed9n, l\u1ee1 h\u1eb9n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111i l\u00e0m. C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn do giao th\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan sang c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn giao th\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb9o:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong> Kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1eb9n v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian cho nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 xe bu\u00fdt, xe l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1eb9t xe.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i chung xe ho\u1eb7c \u0111i nh\u1edd xe:<\/strong> Chia s\u1ebb chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xe tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh giao th\u00f4ng theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thay th\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1eef b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh:<\/strong> K\u1eb9t xe c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y b\u1ef1c b\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u00e3y nghe nh\u1ea1c, podcast ho\u1eb7c s\u00e1ch n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd giao th\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>T\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn giao th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110\u00e8n giao th\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng minh:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a lu\u1ed3ng giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u1edf c\u00e1c ng\u00e3 t\u01b0.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng minh:<\/strong> Tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i xe c\u1ed9, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chung.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n thay th\u1ebf cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e1i xe \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf:<\/strong> Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111i b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea1p xe v\u00e0 \u0111i chung xe \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xe tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn giao th\u00f4ng \u00edt \u0111au kh\u1ed5 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u1eb9t xe: V\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u00ea li\u1ec7t giao th\u00f4ng \u1edf S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2773],"tags":[3614,6653,4860,2771,99,1237,3101,6652],"class_list":["post-3483","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-transportation","tag-stress","tag-urban-life","tag-commuting","tag-transportation","tag-lifescienceart","tag-psychology","tag-smart-cities","tag-traffic-jams"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3483","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3483"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3484,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3483\/revisions\/3484"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}