{"id":3491,"date":"2023-10-20T18:53:23","date_gmt":"2023-10-20T18:53:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3491"},"modified":"2023-10-20T18:53:23","modified_gmt":"2023-10-20T18:53:23","slug":"china-dominance-rare-earth-elements-depletion-impact","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/materials-science\/china-dominance-rare-earth-elements-depletion-impact\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm: Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm<\/h2>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm (NT\u0110H) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m g\u1ed3m 17 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, tivi m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ph\u1eb3ng, m\u00e1y khoan, xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tua bin gi\u00f3. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n cung NT\u0110H<\/h2>\n\n

Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u01a1n 90% ngu\u1ed3n cung NT\u0110H to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng NT\u0110H v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c NT\u0110H c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong n\u0103m th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n NT\u0110H thay th\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ecf NT\u0110H \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng NT\u0110H.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t NT\u0110H<\/h2>\n\n

Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean NT\u0110H. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n cung NT\u0110H trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NT\u0110H. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khai th\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n

H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t NT\u0110H. Vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ngu\u1ed3n cung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o NT\u0110H.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n

T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t NT\u0110H c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng gi\u00e1, gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn khai th\u00e1c NT\u0110H<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn NT\u0110H c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, bao g\u1ed3m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n cung NT\u0110H<\/h2>\n\n

T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a NT\u0110H v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng NT\u0110H, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n thay th\u1ebf, l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n cung trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf mang l\u1ea1i hy v\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o NT\u0110H.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3681],"tags":[6662,497,37,6663,120,3277],"class_list":["post-3491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-materials-science","tag-rare-earth-elements","tag-technology","tag-innovation","tag-high-tech-industry","tag-sustainability","tag-china"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3491"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3491\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3492,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3491\/revisions\/3492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}