Thomas Jefferson, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi L\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00ec s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Henry Wiencek, “Master of Monticello”, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a Jefferson v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n
Wiencek l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c Jefferson ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u00f4ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3 d\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Jefferson \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt khi \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd h\u00f9ng h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n
Nh\u00e0 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn Rita Stevens b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Jefferson. C\u00f4 vi\u1ebft: “B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n l\u00f2ng tham, ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n”.<\/p>\n\n
Albie Davis \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u Monticello, \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Jefferson, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 quan c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o hay l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u01b0\u1edfng quy\u1ec1n v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Dale M. Wiley ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 George Washington, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 h\u01a1n Jefferson v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, c\u0169ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 m\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn sau khi \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Wiencek \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3m nguy c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i anh h\u00f9ng. Wiley c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng “trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i, Wiencek c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c”. \u00d4ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecf qua nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Ronald Van Deusen, “Arresting Personality”, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta Daniel Ellsberg, m\u1ed9t anh h\u00f9ng th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng l\u00fd. Vi\u1ec7c Ellsberg b\u1ecb b\u1eaft t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2011 v\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t tu\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n
Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ellsberg b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1 gi\u00e1c trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1971 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ellsberg l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh. Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Wiencek v\u00e0 Van Deusen \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Thomas Jefferson: Di s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Jefferson trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 Thomas Jefferson, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi L\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23383,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1280,27,765,7089,2066,98],"class_list":["post-3788","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-ethics","tag-history","tag-slavery","tag-hero-worship","tag-thomas-jefferson","tag-philosophy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3788","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3788"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3788\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3789,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3788\/revisions\/3789"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3788"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3788"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3788"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}