{"id":3802,"date":"2024-04-16T12:22:21","date_gmt":"2024-04-16T12:22:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3802"},"modified":"2024-04-16T12:22:21","modified_gmt":"2024-04-16T12:22:21","slug":"triassic-reptiles-chewing-adaptation-extinction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/paleontology\/triassic-reptiles-chewing-adaptation-extinction\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00f2 s\u00e1t Trias: N\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi ‘t\u1ecfa n\u1eafng’ nh\u01b0ng ‘l\u1ed7i’ nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u00f2 s\u00e1t Trias: \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n c\u1ecf c\u00f3 h\u00e0m r\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddi toe to\u00e9t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft ch\u00ed m\u1ea1ng<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi nhai \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00e0o k\u1ef7 Trias, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 225 \u0111\u1ebfn 250 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t \u0103n c\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Rhynchosauria \u0111\u00e3 lang thang tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng c\u1eebu n\u00e0y s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t kh\u00e1c. Thay v\u00ec h\u00e1 v\u00e0 ng\u1eadm h\u00e0m l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng, Rhynchosauria s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 k\u00e9o c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt gi\u1eefa r\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m l\u1ed9 ra ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhai kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p Rhynchosauria ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 l\u1edbp th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt dai v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef7 Trias. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra, ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t vong cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

M\u00f2n r\u0103ng v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf h\u00e0m<\/h2>\n\n

Qua th\u1eddi gian, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u00f2n r\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Rhynchosauria. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00e0m m\u1edbi v\u1edbi r\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u1edf ph\u00eda sau mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Khi ch\u00fang gi\u00e0 \u0111i, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi s\u1ebd di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, thay th\u1ebf nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc r\u0103ng b\u1ecb m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf thay th\u1ebf h\u00e0m n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p Rhynchosauria duy tr\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nhai v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfm \u0103n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n. Khi Rhynchosauria \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo k\u1ecbp nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00e0m m\u1edbi. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd h\u1ebft r\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0103n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3i.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Rhynchosauria h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp vi t\u00ednh (CT) \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi nhai \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n qu\u00e9t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng con Rhynchosauria gi\u00e0 h\u01a1n c\u00f3 h\u00e0m d\u00e0i h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc r\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f9n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00e0m m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/h2>\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Rhynchosauria, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhai kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 trong s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t vong c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a k\u1ef7 Trias, h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ec9 m\u1ec1m, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 Rhynchosauria nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 225 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y l\u00e1 kim c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 ph\u1ee7 kim.<\/p>\n\n

N\u1ebfu Rhynchosauria ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0103n theo c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa m\u00f2n r\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i t\u1eafc k\u00e8 hoa, v\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhai t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Rhynchosauria. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng<\/h2>\n\n

Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nhai \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Rhynchosauria v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u0103ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n c\u1ecf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t khi th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi v\u1ec1 r\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u00f2 s\u00e1t Trias: \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n c\u1ecf c\u00f3 h\u00e0m r\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddi toe to\u00e9t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft ch\u00ed m\u1ea1ng S\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi nhai \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[138],"tags":[7108,7109,7112,4939,7111,7110,400],"class_list":["post-3802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-paleontology","tag-rhynchosaurs","tag-herbivores","tag-jaw-replacement","tag-triassic-period","tag-dental-wear","tag-chewing-adaptation","tag-extinction"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3802","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3802"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3802\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3803,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3802\/revisions\/3803"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3802"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3802"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3802"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}