{"id":3902,"date":"2021-03-21T23:57:01","date_gmt":"2021-03-21T23:57:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=3902"},"modified":"2021-03-21T23:57:01","modified_gmt":"2021-03-21T23:57:01","slug":"brain-machine-interfaces-locked-in-patients","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/medical-technology\/brain-machine-interfaces-locked-in-patients\/","title":{"rendered":"Giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e3o – m\u00e1y: Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn"},"content":{"rendered":"

Giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e3o – m\u00e1y: Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn<\/h2>\n\n

Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn<\/h2>\n\n

H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi th\u00e2n n\u00e3o b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ef5, ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n th\u1ea7n kinh kh\u00e1c. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c giao ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n\n

Giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e3o – m\u00e1y: M\u1ed9t tia hy v\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n\n

Giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e3o – m\u00e1y (BMI) l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn mang l\u1ea1i hy v\u1ecdng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e3o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eddi n\u00f3i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1ebd d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 BMI t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng n\u00e3o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ed3i tr\u00ean bi\u00ean, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7m n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb trong \u0111\u1ea7u. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00e1c m\u1eabu n\u00e3o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u00e1nh v\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn BMI kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u n\u00e3o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1eef c\u00e1i. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u00e1t \u00e2m c\u00e1c t\u1eeb m\u00e3 h\u00f3a cho t\u1eebng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i trong b\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1ea7n c\u00e1c t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u00e2u, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch giao ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 BMI \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 BMI tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00edt c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng BMI kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ed3 (MEG) \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e3o t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i h\u1ed9p s\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u MEG th\u00e0nh v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra BMI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1ch m\u00e3 h\u00f3a l\u1eddi n\u00f3i trong n\u00e3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt BMI kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng BMI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n\n

Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 BMI ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. C\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng BMI c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u1eeb bi.<\/p>\n\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn<\/h2>\n\n

BMI c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp, cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0y t\u1ecf b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 BMI, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau mang l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn l\u1ea5y m\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e3o – m\u00e1y: Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a k\u00edn l\u00e0…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[507],"tags":[7278,7280,502,7279,7281],"class_list":["post-3902","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medical-technology","tag-brain-machine-interfaces","tag-neurotechnology","tag-communication","tag-locked-in-syndrome","tag-medical-advancements"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3902","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3902"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3902\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3903,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3902\/revisions\/3903"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3902"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3902"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3902"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}