Caernarfon, m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u1edf B\u1eafc Wales, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa Anh v\u00e0 Wales. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13, Vua Anh Edward I \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch chinh ph\u1ee5c x\u1ee9 Wales. Trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “V\u00e0nh \u0111ai l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i s\u1eaft”. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf Caernarfon, v\u00e0 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, Edward \u0111\u00e3 cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t khu ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1eddng bao quanh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 theo d\u1ea1ng \u00f4 b\u00e0n c\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 Wales v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb suy y\u1ebfu do c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 14.<\/p>\n\n
Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c khai qu\u1eadt kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc \u1edf Caernarfon \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf th\u00eam v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m y t\u1ebf m\u1edbi. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb C.R. Archaeology \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u thang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a Edward I.<\/p>\n\n
Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh g\u1ed1m th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 quai c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ef1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m Saintonge, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n t\u00e2y n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y Caernarfon c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Edwardian.<\/p>\n\n
M\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 s\u01b0\u1edfi. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o, th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5ng th\u00e0nh Caernarfon, m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 s\u01b0\u1edfi, th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Caernarfon trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 trung c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Caernarfon kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7. Ch\u00fang c\u00f2n l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Edward I v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ee9 Wales. C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng bao quanh m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n sinh s\u1ed1ng b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. H\u1ecd hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c khai qu\u1eadt trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c trong th\u00f3i quen sinh ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n
Cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c x\u1ee9 Wales c\u1ee7a Edward I l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u. C\u00e1c ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, nh\u01b0ng Edward quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0a x\u1ee9 Wales v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Sau m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, Edward \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales ph\u1ea3i khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n
Caernarfon \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Edward. L\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 uy quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh v\u00e0 vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n x\u1ee9 Wales.<\/p>\n\n
Caernarfon v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay, v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o. C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1eefa Anh v\u00e0 x\u1ee9 Wales.<\/p>\n\n
Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c khai qu\u1eadt kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Caernarfon trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 trung c\u1ed5. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 Wales v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa Anh v\u00e0 x\u1ee9 Wales.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Caernarfon th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5: H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 Th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1eddng bao quanh Caernarfon Caernarfon, m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u1edf B\u1eafc Wales, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1023,1025,88,1024,1026,1027,1028],"class_list":["post-395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-caernarfon","tag-edward-i","tag-archaeology","tag-castles","tag-medieval-history","tag-town-walls","tag-wales"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/395","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=395"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/395\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":396,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/395\/revisions\/396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}