{"id":416,"date":"2023-08-24T18:02:25","date_gmt":"2023-08-24T18:02:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=416"},"modified":"2023-08-24T18:02:25","modified_gmt":"2023-08-24T18:02:25","slug":"nasca-iron-mine-art-not-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/archaeology\/nasca-iron-mine-art-not-war\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ecf s\u1eaft Nasca: S\u1eaft ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn tranh"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u khai th\u00e1c s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u0169 kh\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra m\u1ecf s\u1eaft Nasca<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u1edf d\u00e3y n\u00fai Andes mi\u1ec1n nam Peru: m\u1ecf s\u1eaft l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf Nam M\u1ef9. M\u1ecf c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 2000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nasca khai th\u00e1c trong h\u01a1n 1400 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u0103m 2004, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Kevin Vaughn thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Purdue \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khai qu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 hoa v\u0103n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng manh m\u1ed1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ecf, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 carbon. C\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n V\u0103n h\u00f3a Qu\u1ed1c gia \u1edf Ica, Peru.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7<\/h2>\n\n<p>Th\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nasca \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1eb7ng hematit \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1edbp men, thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m v\u00e0 s\u01a1n m\u00e0u r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 trang tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e2u nay r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u0169 kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quy tr\u00ecnh khai th\u00e1c s\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nasca<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ecf s\u1eaft Nasca l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng kho\u1ea3ng 3700 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1eb7ng hematit. M\u1ecf n\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ecf s\u1eaft hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nasca c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a khai th\u00e1c h\u1ebft qu\u1eb7ng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nasca v\u00e0 s\u1eaft<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nasca l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng cao v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u s\u1ee9c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 coi tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nasca.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra m\u1ecf s\u1eaft Nasca c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. N\u00f3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft b\u1ed5 sung<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nasca s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 luy\u1ec7n kim v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra m\u1ecf s\u1eaft cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Nasca.<\/li>\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nasca kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1eeb s\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ni\u1ec1m tin h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ecf s\u1eaft Nasca l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u khai th\u00e1c s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u0169 kh\u00ed Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra m\u1ecf s\u1eaft Nasca C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nh\u00e2n&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[89,1077,88,1079,1076,1078,99],"class_list":["post-416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-cultural-heritage","tag-iron-mining","tag-archaeology","tag-metallurgy","tag-nasca","tag-ancient-art","tag-lifescienceart"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=416"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/416\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":417,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/416\/revisions\/417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}