{"id":4224,"date":"2022-06-28T11:40:30","date_gmt":"2022-06-28T11:40:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4224"},"modified":"2022-06-28T11:40:30","modified_gmt":"2022-06-28T11:40:30","slug":"la-malinche-a-complex-and-controversial-figure-in-mexican-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/uncategorized\/la-malinche-a-complex-and-controversial-figure-in-mexican-history\/","title":{"rendered":"Malinche: M\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Mexico"},"content":{"rendered":"

Malinche: M\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Mexico<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7<\/h2>\n\n

Malinche, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 La Malinche hay Do\u00c3\u00b1a Marina, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c Mexico c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha. B\u00e0 sinh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1500, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb b\u00e1n l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 khi c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i tr\u1ebb. Sau khi Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s chinh ph\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Maya c\u1ee7a Potonch\u00e1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1519, Malinche n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em g\u00e1i b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng cho \u00f4ng ta nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n qu\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 trong cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha<\/h2>\n\n

Cort\u00e9s nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1eadn ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a Malinche, v\u00ec b\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfng Maya Yucatec v\u00e0 Nahuatl, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Aztec. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 thu\u00ea b\u00e0 l\u00e0m phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n, m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Malinche v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 phong t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/h2>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Malinche trong cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i v\u00e0 tranh lu\u1eadn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha trong cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba sau \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 trong nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n

Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n\n

H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Malinche \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Mexico \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac kh\u00e1c nhau. Sau khi Mexico gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u1ecfi T\u00e2y Ban Nha, b\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n gi\u1eefa di s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u00e0 c\u0169ng b\u1ecb m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i v\u00e0 k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “malinchista” v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ti\u1ebfng l\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a Mexico \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng trung th\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eb1m t\u00e1i th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Malinche v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc th\u00e1i h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n Chicana \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u00f4n vinh b\u00e0 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. C\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n

Tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Denver<\/h2>\n\n

Tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Denver c\u00f3 t\u00ean “K\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t, Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a La Malinche” tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111a di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Malinche. Th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a 38 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m xem x\u00e9t vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch vi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt b\u00ed \u1ea9n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a Malinche<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Malinche v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng vang nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau khi b\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi. Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn b\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 tranh lu\u1eadn. B\u00e0 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, s\u1ee9c b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Malinche: M\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Mexico \u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 Malinche, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 La…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1185,2069,7736,1066,1034,1003],"class_list":["post-4224","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-colonialism","tag-spanish-conquest","tag-la-malinche","tag-indigenous-history","tag-mexico","tag-women-in-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4224","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4224"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4224\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4225,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4224\/revisions\/4225"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4224"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4224"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4224"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}