{"id":4341,"date":"2026-02-01T16:41:23","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T16:41:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4341"},"modified":"2026-02-01T16:41:23","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T16:41:23","slug":"the-scientific-reason-why-reindeer-have-red-noses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/zoology\/the-scientific-reason-why-reindeer-have-red-noses\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u0169i \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c: \u2018\u0111\u00e8n s\u01b0\u1edfi\u2019 si\u00eau h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c?"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00fd do khoa h\u1ecdc khi\u1ebfn tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c c\u00f3 m\u0169i \u0111\u1ecf<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc m\u0169i \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a Rudolph<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Gi\u00e1ng sinh y\u00eau th\u00edch \u2013 ch\u00fa tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c Rudolph v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfc m\u0169i \u0111\u1ecf \u2013 tuy l\u00e0 h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb1ngng sau chi\u1ebfc m\u0169i \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 con tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c, c\u00f3 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Rangifer tarandus, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u0169i c\u00f3 s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed y h\u1ecdc BMJ \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf l\u00fd do sinh l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb1ng sau m\u00e0u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng m\u0169i tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c ch\u1ee9a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u cao trong m\u0169i tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y s\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t da. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t khi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 n\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ng\u0103n ch\u00fang b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng trong th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i cho th\u1ea5y m\u0169i tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1edbi 24\u00b0C sau khi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, cho th\u1ea5y vai tr\u00f2 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c, lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau quanh n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u mao v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u mao trong m\u0169i tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1u l\u1edbn cho m\u0169i. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00e3o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c trong m\u0169i tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch nghi gi\u00fap lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1eafc c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1. Nh\u1edd \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c c\u00f3 m\u0169i \u0111\u1ecf?<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi con tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u0169i \u0111\u1ecf. S\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecf l\u00e0 do n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u cao h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m di truy\u1ec1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 con c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u trong m\u0169i cao h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng con kh\u00e1c, khi\u1ebfn m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u0169i tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c<\/h2>\n\n

Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u0169i tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ea1nh. Nh\u1edd t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng quanh n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u mao<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u mao \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf m\u0169i tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00e3o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan quan tr\u1ecdng duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

Chi\u1ebfc m\u0169i \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n m\u00f9a l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh l\u00fd gi\u00fap lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1eafc c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1. Nh\u1edd \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00fd do khoa h\u1ecdc khi\u1ebfn tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c c\u00f3 m\u0169i \u0111\u1ecf \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc m\u0169i \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a Rudolph Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Gi\u00e1ng sinh y\u00eau th\u00edch \u2013 ch\u00fa tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25230,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[4360,7924,4357,4116,5927],"class_list":["post-4341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoology","tag-arctic-wildlife","tag-red-noses","tag-reindeer","tag-physiology","tag-thermoregulation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4341"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25231,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4341\/revisions\/25231"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}