{"id":4383,"date":"2021-03-13T10:13:34","date_gmt":"2021-03-13T10:13:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4383"},"modified":"2021-03-13T10:13:34","modified_gmt":"2021-03-13T10:13:34","slug":"female-chimps-lead-the-hunt-with-tools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/animal-behavior\/female-chimps-lead-the-hunt-with-tools\/","title":{"rendered":"Tinh tinh c\u00e1i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c \u0111i s\u0103n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u00eau luy\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tinh tinh: Con c\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c \u0111i s\u0103n<\/h2>\n\n

Tinh tinh c\u00e1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i ngh\u1ec7 s\u0103n m\u1ed3i<\/h2>\n\n

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tinh tinh, con c\u00e1i n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee3 s\u0103n l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1, v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n con \u0111\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Khoa h\u1ecdc M\u1edf c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng gia \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng tinh tinh c\u00e1i Fongoli l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1o ch\u00ednh trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

Tinh tinh Fongoli: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5<\/h2>\n\n

Tinh tinh Fongoli \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2007 v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u0103n m\u1ed3i c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng. H\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u0103n m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i: L\u00e0m v\u00e0 s\u0103n m\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o<\/h2>\n\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y tinh tinh c\u00e1i Fongoli chi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n 60% s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1o. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh Jill Pruetz suy \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t minh ra gi\u00e1o. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, con c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n

Tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh: Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0103n m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i<\/h2>\n\n

Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c s\u0103n m\u1ed3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y tinh tinh c\u00e1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y. V\u1edbi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t k\u00e9m h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf, ch\u00fang d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee9c \u0103n.<\/p>\n\n

Ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o: M\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 tinh tinh Fongoli s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh b\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00e1, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng r\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u0169 kh\u00ed l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e2m v\u00e0o con m\u1ed3i \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, lo\u00e0i galago \u0111ang ng\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong s\u0103n b\u1eafn: N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m<\/h2>\n\n

Trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn 308 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n s\u0103n m\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 con c\u00e1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1o ch\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng con \u0111\u1ef1c v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u0103n m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, chi\u1ebfm 70% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con m\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u1ef1c: C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0n tinh tinh kh\u00e1c, n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ef1c th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01b0\u1edbp t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng con c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ef1c \u1edf Fongoli th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd. Ch\u00fang h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 con c\u00e1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf tu\u1ed5i h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a: T\u1ed5 ti\u00ean s\u0103n m\u1ed3i chung<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tin r\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u0103n m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a tinh tinh Fongoli c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean chung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 tinh tinh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0103n m\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0o hi\u1ec7p: M\u1ed9t ch\u00fat b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u0103n m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1. H\u00e0nh vi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ef1c th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u1edf Fongoli c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p manh m\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 chu \u0111\u00e1o \u1edf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Tinh tinh: C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 tinh tinh Fongoli cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh vi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u0103n m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0103n m\u1ed3i h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0o hi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn tho\u00e1ng qua v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 tinh tinh v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tinh tinh: Con c\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c \u0111i s\u0103n Tinh tinh c\u00e1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i ngh\u1ec7 s\u0103n m\u1ed3i Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tinh tinh, con c\u00e1i n\u1ed5i…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[2750,1591,2218,1590,1038],"class_list":["post-4383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animal-behavior","tag-female-empowerment","tag-primatology","tag-hunting","tag-tool-use","tag-chimpanzees"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4383"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4384,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383\/revisions\/4384"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4383"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}