{"id":4698,"date":"2023-06-13T05:17:19","date_gmt":"2023-06-13T05:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4698"},"modified":"2023-06-13T05:17:19","modified_gmt":"2023-06-13T05:17:19","slug":"plastic-bag-taxes-and-bans-a-global-perspective","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/environmental-science\/plastic-bag-taxes-and-bans-a-global-perspective\/","title":{"rendered":"Thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon: Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon: Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc t\u00fai nilon l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2023, Washington, D.C. \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00fai nilon \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ireland l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2002. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 noi theo, bao g\u1ed3m Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Kenya, Uganda v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3. T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, San Francisco l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ea5m t\u00fai nilon v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2007, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00fai nilon \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n<p>T\u00fai nilon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y. Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00fai nilon t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u00e3i ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u01a1i ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai nilon<\/h2>\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai nilon mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Gi\u1ea3m r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf cho t\u00fai nilon<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf cho t\u00fai nilon, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00fai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fai gi\u1ea5y<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u1ecf<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fai ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai nilon<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m do nh\u1ef1a<\/li>\n<li>Cung c\u1ea5p kinh ph\u00ed cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai nilon<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed mua s\u1eafm th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai nilon. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon \u1edf Ireland \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m 90% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00fai ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai gi\u1ea5y, lo\u1ea1i t\u00fai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai nilon<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai nilon \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ea1p h\u00f3a, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Thu gom c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ef1ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i<\/li>\n<li>L\u00f3t th\u00f9ng r\u00e1c<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1 khi chuy\u1ec3n nh\u00e0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h2>\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o t\u00fai nilon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00e0nh tinh. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 mang t\u00fai \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1p h\u00f3a, ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai nilon b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai nilon?<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00fai nilon \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai nilon l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00e0nh tinh?<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00fai nilon: Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc t\u00fai nilon l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2023, Washington, D.C. \u0111\u00e3&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[8482,177,120,368,998,8483,8481],"class_list":["post-4698","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environmental-science","tag-marine-debris","tag-pollution","tag-sustainability","tag-environmental-impact","tag-recycling","tag-reusable-bags","tag-plastic-bags"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4698","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4698"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4698\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4699,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4698\/revisions\/4699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4698"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4698"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4698"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}