{"id":4750,"date":"2023-03-10T04:13:42","date_gmt":"2023-03-10T04:13:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4750"},"modified":"2023-03-10T04:13:42","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T04:13:42","slug":"pitcher-plants-echolocation-symbiosis-with-bats","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/biology\/pitcher-plants-echolocation-symbiosis-with-bats\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m: B\u1ea3n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean d\u00e0nh cho lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m: B\u1ea3n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean d\u00e0nh cho lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng vang v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m, k\u1ef3 quan \u0103n th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat ngu\u1ed3n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang: lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m kh\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaby c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Nepenthes hemsleyana, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng vang c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u0129a Parabol: Ng\u1ecdn h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng Sonar cho lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i<\/h2>\n\n

B\u00ed m\u1eadt n\u1eb1m \u1edf b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng sau kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u0129a parabol. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cong v\u00e0 d\u00e0i n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng ping sonar c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 n\u00e0y, c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng \u00e2m thanh thu h\u00fat lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i t\u1eeb xa.<\/p>\n\n

Trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: M\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng sinh<\/h2>\n\n

Khi lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i \u0111\u1eadu trong v\u00f2ng tay b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m, ch\u00fang v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb: ph\u00e2n gi\u00e0u nit\u01a1. Ph\u00e2n n\u00e0y, gi\u00e0u ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m. \u0110\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i, c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m cung c\u1ea5p n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng vang<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng vang trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng sinh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u d\u01a1i r\u00f4 b\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb loa v\u00e0 micr\u00f4. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t ra ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi si\u00eau \u00e2m t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfng vang, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a parabol c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng vang.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1edf th\u00edch ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i: Ti\u1ebfng vang to v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i c\u00f3 s\u1edf th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng ping sonar c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng trong c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m<\/h2>\n\n

Trong khi Nepenthes hemsleyana s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng vang \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i, th\u00ec c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i \u1edf Borneo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee5 lo\u00e0i chu\u1ed9t ch\u00f9 c\u00e2y v\u00e0 chu\u1ed9t \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nguy hi\u1ec3m, khi c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng vang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o kh\u00e1c, c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf cho m\u00ecnh, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng sinh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m: B\u1ea3n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean d\u00e0nh cho lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng vang v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m C\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m, k\u1ef3 quan…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[288],"tags":[8557,8558,688,3161,219,252],"class_list":["post-4750","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology","tag-pitcher-plants","tag-symbiosis","tag-echolocation","tag-bats","tag-ecology","tag-nature"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4750","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4750"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4750\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4751,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4750\/revisions\/4751"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4750"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4750"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4750"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}