{"id":590,"date":"2024-05-20T10:29:34","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T10:29:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=590"},"modified":"2024-05-20T10:29:34","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T10:29:34","slug":"francis-drake-enslaved-africans-roanoke-island","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/uncategorized\/francis-drake-enslaved-africans-roanoke-island\/","title":{"rendered":"Francis Drake: C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1eafc M\u1ef9?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Francis Drake: C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1eafc M\u1ef9?<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16, Anh v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t T\u00e2n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng t\u00ean c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 Sir Francis Drake \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u00e0y, khi t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch v\u00f9ng Caribe c\u1ee7a Drake<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u0103m 1585, Drake ch\u1ec9 huy m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng Caribe, nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u1ea3ng gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 Cartagena. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 t\u1eeb Ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Nam M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea3o Roanoke<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u1edbi h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, Drake \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i thuy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea3o Roanoke, n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 Anh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111ang g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, v\u00e0 Drake \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd v\u1eadt t\u01b0 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh tan h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Drake, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea7u xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Anh. Drake \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea3o Roanoke. S\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ed \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Quinn<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng David Beers Quinn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng Drake \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Carolina, cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd v\u1eadt t\u01b0 t\u1eeb St. Augustine, m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Nam M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i trong c\u01a1n b\u00e3o ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb b\u00e1n d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn Anh. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng khi\u1ebfn kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u1ecb che gi\u1ea5u<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch c\u1ee7a Drake c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u Phi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Roanoke, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ed1n coi nh\u1eb9 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u Phi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Roanoke s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Anh \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong tham v\u1ecdng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Anh ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf Jamestown v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1619.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Drake. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u Phi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 trong c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i b\u1ed5 sung:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Anh \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u<\/li>\n<li>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Roanoke trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch c\u1ee7a Drake \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n T\u00e2y Ban Nha<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u Phi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t \u1edf T\u00e2n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/li>\n<li>Cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Francis Drake: C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1eafc M\u1ef9? B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16, Anh v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23369,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1185,1475,1473,1477,765,1474,1476],"class_list":["post-590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-colonialism","tag-enslaved-africans","tag-francis-drake","tag-early-american-history","tag-slavery","tag-roanoke-island","tag-lost-colony"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/590","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=590"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":591,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/590\/revisions\/591"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23369"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}