{"id":644,"date":"2024-06-27T23:01:18","date_gmt":"2024-06-27T23:01:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=644"},"modified":"2024-06-27T23:01:18","modified_gmt":"2024-06-27T23:01:18","slug":"olfaction-the-science-of-smell","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/neuroscience\/olfaction-the-science-of-smell\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c: Gi\u00e1c quan b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c: Gi\u00e1c quan b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eedi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 400 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00f9i kh\u00e1c nhau trong m\u0169i. C\u00e1c th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y g\u1eedi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e3o, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c m\u00f9i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1c quan quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh v\u00e0 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li>Giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u00f4ng qua pheromone)<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kho\u00e1i c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u00f4ng qua m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hoa)<\/li>\n<li>K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta ng\u1eedi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Khi ch\u00fang ta ng\u1eedi th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00f9i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed m\u00f9i s\u1ebd di chuy\u1ec3n qua kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u0169i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u00e0y li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00f4 m\u1ecfng \u1edf ph\u00eda sau khoang m\u0169i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd g\u1eedi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea7u kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1ecf n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda sau m\u0169i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7u kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c s\u1ebd g\u1eedi c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e3o, n\u01a1i ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c gi\u1eefa m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eedi kh\u00e1c nhau r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f9i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ea5t kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eedi. Parosmia l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c b\u1ecb b\u00f3p m\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. M\u00f9i \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u00f9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0o xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau g\u00e2y ra, bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u, nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng xoang v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a COVID-19 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>COVID-19 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do vi-r\u00fat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, m\u1ea5t kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng COVID-19.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c sau khi b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c suy gi\u1ea3m. Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eedi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c nhau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thu\u1ed1c x\u1ecbt steroid m\u0169i v\u00e0 huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e0u ti\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n<p>Thu\u1ed1c x\u1ecbt steroid m\u0169i v\u00e0 huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e0u ti\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ng\u1eedi \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c. Thu\u1ed1c x\u1ecbt steroid m\u0169i gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m vi\u00eam trong khoang m\u0169i, trong khi huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e0u ti\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00f4 kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00f9i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c m\u00f9i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u00f9i kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u00e0 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o m\u00f9i theo c\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed m\u00f9i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong m\u0169i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c xung \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 s\u1edf th\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hoa. Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eadp vai trong b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c: Gi\u00e1c quan b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eedi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23752,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[411],"tags":[342,1579,1578,1577,1580,160],"class_list":["post-644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-neuroscience","tag-life-science","tag-neuroscience","tag-olfaction","tag-smell","tag-olfactory-art","tag-science-communication"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=644"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/644\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":645,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/644\/revisions\/645"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23752"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}