{"id":811,"date":"2021-11-08T13:19:38","date_gmt":"2021-11-08T13:19:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=811"},"modified":"2021-11-08T13:19:38","modified_gmt":"2021-11-08T13:19:38","slug":"invasive-species-eu-blacklist-threat-native-ecosystems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/ecology-and-conservation\/invasive-species-eu-blacklist-threat-native-ecosystems\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n: M\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n: M\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c vi sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c du nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n, ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 suy tho\u00e1i h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Danh s\u00e1ch \u0111en c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a EU<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n, Li\u00ean minh Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EU) \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;danh s\u00e1ch \u0111en&#8221;. Danh s\u00e1ch \u0111en c\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, lai t\u1ea1o, b\u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u1ea3 23 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 14 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd trong danh s\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>S\u00f3c x\u00e1m:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c du nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, s\u00f3c x\u00e1m \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i s\u00f3c \u0111\u1ecf b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a \u1edf s\u00f3c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>G\u1ea5u tr\u00fac M\u1ef9:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930, g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 sinh s\u00f4i n\u1ea3y n\u1edf l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e2y b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i h\u00f4i:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, c\u00e2y b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i h\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n \u1edf V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t hoang d\u00e3 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pueraria:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y leo ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c1, pueraria \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u00f4ng nam Hoa K\u1ef3, bao ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ng\u1ea1t c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1ebech b\u00f2 M\u1ef9:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c du nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, \u1ebfch b\u00f2 M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i:<\/strong> C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n, chu tr\u00ecnh dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 s\u0103n m\u1ed3i:<\/strong> C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn suy gi\u1ea3m qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt:<\/strong> C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang theo v\u00e0 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1ea5t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng:<\/strong> C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n lo\u00e0i d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf:<\/strong> C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, gia s\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n<\/h2>\n\n<p>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba:<\/strong> Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh:<\/strong> Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n m\u1edbi ngay t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb:<\/strong> C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt l\u00fd, x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng:<\/strong> Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c:<\/strong> Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n<\/h2>\n\n<p>Danh s\u00e1ch \u0111en c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a EU l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n: M\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c vi sinh v\u1eadt&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1142],"tags":[401,395,286,219],"class_list":["post-811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ecology-and-conservation","tag-conservation","tag-biodiversity","tag-invasive-species","tag-ecology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/811","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=811"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/811\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":812,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/811\/revisions\/812"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=811"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=811"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=811"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}