{"id":8311,"date":"2024-08-24T06:06:53","date_gmt":"2024-08-24T06:06:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=8311"},"modified":"2024-08-24T06:06:53","modified_gmt":"2024-08-24T06:06:53","slug":"what-is-drywall-made-of","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/materials-science\/what-is-drywall-made-of\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea5m th\u1ea1ch cao &#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, lo\u1ea1i, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng trong nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf r\u1ebb v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng cho k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea1ch cao truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1ch cao, cellulose ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Th\u1ea1ch cao:<\/strong> Th\u1ea1ch cao, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 canxi sunfat, l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao, chi\u1ebfm t\u1eeb 70% \u0111\u1ebfn 90% th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u00e2m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cellulose ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh:<\/strong> C\u00f3 t\u1edbi 10% v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb cellulose, cellulose \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong l\u1edbp gi\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1ed1p l\u00e1t do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia:<\/strong> V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c oraz mang l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ee3i gi\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh, ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m d\u1ebbo, tinh b\u1ed9t, tinh th\u1ec3 mica nghi\u1ec1n m\u1ecbn, EDTA, ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c, nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1p v\u00e0 kali sunfat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e9t t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n<p>H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e9t t\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u00f9n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 b\u0103ng d\u00ednh b\u1ecbt k\u00edn c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ea1ch cao d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng m\u00e0 l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Canxi cacbonat:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh trong b\u00f9n v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i nghi\u1ec1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Talc:<\/strong> B\u1ed9t talc si\u00eau m\u1ecbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e9t t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t, gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u00e0 nh\u00e1m th\u00e0nh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00f3 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao th\u01b0\u1eddng an to\u00e0n khi gi\u1eef \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn m\u00e0 n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 formaldehyde, axetaldehyd v\u00e0 silic dioxide d\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3. Nh\u1eefng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m n\u1ebfu h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng (v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng):<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 4 feet x 8 feet v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1eeb 3\/8 inch \u0111\u1ebfn 1 inch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea5m xanh l\u1ee5c (v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc):<\/strong> C\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 s\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y:<\/strong> Ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf h\u01a1n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea1ch cao truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong> V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ebb.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u1ec5 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t:<\/strong> C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y:<\/strong> V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch \u00e2m:<\/strong> Th\u1ea1ch cao c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u00e2m, l\u00e0m cho v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u1ee7i ro s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe do b\u1ee5i th\u1ea1ch cao<\/h2>\n\n<p>Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo kh\u1ea9u trang \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ee5i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao do Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh:<\/strong> H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c trong v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stronti:<\/strong> V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 stronti cao h\u01a1n v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao do Hoa K\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng g\u00ec? V\u00e1ch th\u1ea1ch cao l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng trong nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":24125,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3681],"tags":[8820,440,12767,10436,9577],"class_list":["post-8311","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-materials-science","tag-home-improvement","tag-environmental-concerns","tag-health-hazards","tag-drywall","tag-building-materials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8311","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8311"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8311\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24126,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8311\/revisions\/24126"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24125"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8311"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8311"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8311"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}