{"id":842,"date":"2021-04-02T21:36:53","date_gmt":"2021-04-02T21:36:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=842"},"modified":"2021-04-02T21:36:53","modified_gmt":"2021-04-02T21:36:53","slug":"mary-sears-oceanographer-wwii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/oceanography\/mary-sears-oceanographer-wwii\/","title":{"rendered":"Mary Sears: Nh\u00e0 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 II"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mary Sears: Nh\u00e0 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 II<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mary Sears sinh n\u0103m 1905 t\u1ea1i Wayland, Massachusetts. C\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1edbi sinh h\u1ecdc bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1933.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vi\u1ec7n h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc Woods Hole<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sears gia nh\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7n h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc Woods Hole (WHOI) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1933. C\u00f4 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chuy\u00ean gia h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111i thuy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e0u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 II v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n<\/h2>\n\n<p>Khi Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 II n\u1ed5 ra, Sears gia nh\u1eadp \u0110\u1ed9i Tr\u1eeb b\u1ecb H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n d\u00e0nh cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef (WAVES). C\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ebfn C\u1ee5c Th\u1ee7y v\u0103n, n\u01a1i c\u00f4 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc cho H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trinh s\u00e1t h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a Sears t\u1ea1i C\u1ee5c Th\u1ee7y v\u0103n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u, d\u00f2ng h\u1ea3i l\u01b0u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c gi\u00fap H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tr\u1eadn Tarawa<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong l\u1edbn trong tr\u1eadn Tarawa n\u0103m 1943. Nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a Sears \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u00e1o c\u00e1o JANIS<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sears v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n l\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n chung (JANIS). C\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc chi ti\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, bao g\u1ed3m Philippines, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Mariana v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Caroline.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sears c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m. C\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng nh\u1ea3y nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u00fap H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sau chi\u1ebfn tranh, Sears ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc. C\u00f4 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ki\u00eam \u0111\u1ed3ng bi\u00ean t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i H\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u00f4 ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u kh\u1ecfi Woods Hole v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1970 v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Sears \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9. Th\u00f4ng tin t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chi ti\u1ebft b\u1ed5 sung<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a Sears t\u1ea1i C\u1ee5c Th\u1ee7y v\u0103n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u01a1n 33 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc cho t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o JANIS bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc, bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u, d\u00f2ng h\u1ea3i l\u01b0u, m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u s\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Sears \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m.<\/li>\n<li>N\u0103m 2000, H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i cho m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi theo t\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00f4, USNS Mary Sears.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u1eadn Tarawa<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u1ee7y v\u0103n<\/li>\n<li>B\u00e1o c\u00e1o JANIS<\/li>\n<li>Sinh h\u1ecdc bi\u1ec3n<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li>Trinh s\u00e1t h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc<\/li>\n<li>Chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mary Sears: Nh\u00e0 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 II \u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Mary Sears sinh n\u0103m 1905 t\u1ea1i Wayland, Massachusetts. C\u00f4&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2003],"tags":[1998,2002,2001,2000,1997,99,1999,211,361,56,1302],"class_list":["post-842","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-oceanography","tag-amphibious-warfare","tag-anti-submarine-warfare","tag-janis-reports","tag-hydrographic-surveys","tag-mary-sears","tag-lifescienceart","tag-oceanographic-intelligence","tag-women-in-stem","tag-marine-biology","tag-world-war-ii","tag-oceanography"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/842","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=842"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/842\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":843,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/842\/revisions\/843"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=842"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=842"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=842"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}