{"id":988,"date":"2024-11-03T22:12:50","date_gmt":"2024-11-03T22:12:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=988"},"modified":"2024-11-03T22:12:50","modified_gmt":"2024-11-03T22:12:50","slug":"earths-habitable-future-15-billion-years","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/earth-science\/earths-habitable-future-15-billion-years\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t: M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 1,5 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m t\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t: M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 1,5 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m t\u1edbi<\/h2>\n\n

Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/h2>\n\n

Theo th\u1eddi gian, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0169ng t\u0103ng theo. Do \u0111\u00f3, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh. N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u00ean sao Kim.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf qua nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Eric Wolf v\u00e0 Owen Brian Toon \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y t\u1eadn th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt<\/h2>\n\n

Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi, Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ngh\u0129. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng “kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ra. Trong k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao khi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc trong t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 sao Kim, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng gian, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd v\u1eabn th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u0103ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 15,5% so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ch\u00fang ta kho\u1ea3ng 1,5 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai xa, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao, m\u00e2y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean oi b\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u m\u01b0a s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn l\u1ee5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ef1c \u0111oan kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u1edf v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t 114 \u0111\u1ed9 F v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng 15,5% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. \u1ede c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean 74 \u0111\u1ed9 F.<\/p>\n\n

So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y t\u1eadn th\u1ebf do M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng 2% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 carbon dioxide trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m \u00fd cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ed1ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ngh\u0129, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1eabn s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t: M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 1,5 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m t\u1edbi Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi Theo th\u1eddi gian, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24791,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[34,2309,572,304,2310],"class_list":["post-988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-earth-science","tag-climate-change","tag-habitability","tag-earth-science","tag-solar-energy","tag-water-evaporation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=988"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24792,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/988\/revisions\/24792"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24791"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}