{"id":15089,"date":"2024-11-02T00:34:56","date_gmt":"2024-11-02T00:34:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15089"},"modified":"2024-11-02T00:34:56","modified_gmt":"2024-11-02T00:34:56","slug":"origins-and-evolution-of-geographic-information-systems-gis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/science\/earth-science\/origins-and-evolution-of-geographic-information-systems-gis\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08GIS\uff09\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0e\u6f14\u53d8"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08GIS\uff09\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0e\u6f14\u53d8<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6311\u6218\u4e0e GIS \u7684\u8bde\u751f<\/h2>\n\n<p>GIS \u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u4f20\u7edf\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u5730\u56fe\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4f46\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u5374\u8981\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u591a\u300219 \u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4f26\u6566\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u65af\u8bfa\u7684\u533b\u751f\u5728\u8c03\u67e5\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u60c5\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6311\u6218\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed8\u5236\u970d\u4e71\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5730\u70b9\u7684\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u65af\u8bfa\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u4e0e\u535a\u5fb7\u8857\u4e00\u5904\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u6c34\u6cf5\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u53e0\u52a0\u591a\u5f20\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u4f7f\u5f97\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u6781\u5177\u6311\u6218\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>20 \u4e16\u7eaa 60 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u7f57\u6770\u00b7\u6c64\u6797\u68ee\u8bd5\u56fe\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ed6\u53d7\u547d\u4e3a\u80af\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u6811\u6728\u79cd\u690d\u56ed\u5bfb\u627e\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u5de8\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u5de5\u5206\u6790\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u6c64\u6797\u68ee\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5904\u7406\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5730\u56fe\u533a\u57df\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u6c64\u6797\u68ee\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf (GIS) \u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002GIS \u5141\u8bb8\u96c6\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u56fe\u5c42\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u5206\u6790\u7a7a\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e0e GIS \u7684\u53d1\u5c55<\/h2>\n\n<p>GIS \u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u300220 \u4e16\u7eaa 70 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cIBM \u5728\u5f00\u53d1 GIS \u8f6f\u4ef6\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u970d\u534e\u5fb7\u00b7\u8d39\u820d\u5c14\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5408\u6210\u5730\u56fe\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9769\u65b0\u4e86 GIS\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5141\u8bb8\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u68c0\u7d22\u5927\u91cf\u5730\u7406\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u66f4\u65b0 GIS \u5730\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GIS \u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/h2>\n\n<p>GIS \u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9886\u57df\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u7136\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/strong>GIS \u7528\u4e8e\u7ed8\u5236\u548c\u5206\u6790\u68ee\u6797\u8d44\u6e90\u56fe\u3001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u91ce\u751f\u751f\u7269\u79cd\u7fa4\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\uff1a<\/strong>GIS \u5e2e\u52a9\u89c4\u5212\u8005\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u548c\u5206\u6790\u571f\u5730\u5229\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u4eba\u53e3\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\uff1a<\/strong>GIS \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8ffd\u8e2a\u75be\u75c5\u7206\u53d1\u3001\u8bc6\u522b\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u5730\u533a\u548c\u5206\u914d\u533b\u7597\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5546\u4e1a\u4e0e\u8425\u9500\uff1a<\/strong>GIS \u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u5ba2\u6237\u4eba\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u3001\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8425\u9500\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u707e\u5bb3\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/strong>GIS \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e94\u6025\u54cd\u5e94\u548c\u6062\u590d\u5de5\u4f5c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7ed8\u5236\u758f\u6563\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u635f\u5bb3\u548c\u534f\u8c03\u5206\u914d\u63f4\u52a9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GIS \u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u5916\uff0cGIS \u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cUshahidi \u5e73\u53f0\u4f7f\u7528 GIS \u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u4fb5\u72af\u4eba\u6743\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002GIS \u4e5f\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u8d4b\u4e88\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u793e\u533a\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u7ed8\u5236\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5730\u56fe\u5e76\u5021\u5bfc\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6311\u6218\u4e0e GIS \u7684\u672a\u6765<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1 GIS \u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u62c5\u5fe7\u662f\u6570\u636e\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u51fa\u4e8e\u6b67\u89c6\u76ee\u7684\u6ee5\u7528 GIS\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6311\u6218\u662f\u5bf9\u719f\u7ec3\u7684 GIS \u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u4f20\u8fbe\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5730\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\uff0cGIS \u7684\u672a\u6765\u4ecd\u7136\u5149\u660e\u3002\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e3a GIS \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4e16\u754c\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\uff0cGIS \u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6211\u4eec\u590d\u6742\u7684\u661f\u7403\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u989d\u5916\u7684\u957f\u5c3e\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>GIS \u6559\u80b2<\/li>\n<li>GIS \u804c\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a<\/li>\n<li>GIS \u6570\u636e\u6e90<\/li>\n<li>GIS \u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u5de5\u5177<\/li>\n<li>GIS \u57f9\u8bad<\/li>\n<li>GIS \u8ba4\u8bc1<\/li>\n<li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/li>\n<li>\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u89c6\u5316<\/li>\n<li>\u5730\u7406\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08GIS\uff09\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0e\u6f14\u53d8 \u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6311\u6218\u4e0e GIS \u7684\u8bde\u751f GIS \u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u4f20\u7edf\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u5730\u56fe\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4f46\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u5374\u8981\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u591a\u300219 \u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4f26\u6566\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u65af\u8bfa\u7684\u533b\u751f\u5728\u8c03\u67e5\u970d\u4e71\u75ab\u60c5\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6311\u6218\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed8\u5236\u970d\u4e71\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5730\u70b9\u7684\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u65af\u8bfa\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u4e0e\u535a\u5fb7\u8857\u4e00\u5904\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u6c34\u6cf5\u6709\u5173\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u53e0\u52a0\u591a\u5f20\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u4f7f\u5f97\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u6781\u5177\u6311\u6218\u6027\u3002 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 60 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u7f57\u6770\u00b7\u6c64\u6797\u68ee\u8bd5\u56fe\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ed6\u53d7\u547d\u4e3a\u80af\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u6811\u6728\u79cd\u690d\u56ed\u5bfb\u627e\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u5de8\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u5de5\u5206\u6790\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002 \u6c64\u6797\u68ee\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5904\u7406\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5730\u56fe\u533a\u57df\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u6c64\u6797\u68ee\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf (GIS) \u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002GIS \u5141\u8bb8\u96c6\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u56fe\u5c42\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u5206\u6790\u7a7a\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002 \u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e0e GIS \u7684\u53d1\u5c55 GIS \u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u300220 \u4e16\u7eaa 70 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cIBM \u5728\u5f00\u53d1 GIS \u8f6f\u4ef6\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u970d\u534e\u5fb7\u00b7\u8d39\u820d\u5c14\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5408\u6210\u5730\u56fe\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9769\u65b0\u4e86 GIS\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5141\u8bb8\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u68c0\u7d22\u5927\u91cf\u5730\u7406\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u66f4\u65b0 GIS&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24773,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[20165,18875,20166,6794,821],"class_list":["post-15089","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-earth-science","tag-gis","tag-mapping","tag-spatial-analysis","tag-geography","tag-data-visualization"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15089","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15089"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15089\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24774,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15089\/revisions\/24774"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24773"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15089"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15089"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15089"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}