Saving Monarch Butterflies: Pay Farmers to Grow Habitats
Monarch Butterflies in Decline
Monarch butterflies, once numbering in the billions, have seen their populations plummet in recent years. In 2013-2014, their numbers dropped to a mere 33 million. While they have rebounded somewhat since then, concerns remain about their long-term survival.
Habitat Loss: A Major Threat
The decline is largely due to the loss of habitat for monarchs. These insects rely on milkweed, the only plant they lay their eggs on, and flowers that provide nectar for food. However, agricultural practices have changed over the past 20 years, resulting in a decrease in milkweed and other nectar-producing plants.
Habitat Exchange: A Market-Driven Solution
The Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) has introduced a habitat exchange as a way to address habitat loss. This exchange connects landowners, farmers, and ranchers who are willing to restore or improve monarch habitat with buyers who need to mitigate their impact on wildlife.
How the Habitat Exchange Works
The habitat exchange is similar to a carbon market. Landowners receive conservation credits for enhancing monarch habitat on their properties. These credits can be purchased by buyers who need to offset the loss of habitat on their own land or who simply want to support monarch conservation.
Pilot Projects and Launch Timeline
EDF is currently field testing a “habitat quantification tool” to accurately value the quality of monarch habitat. They are also building a “war chest” of potential buyers to ensure the success of the exchange.
The formal launch of the monarch habitat exchange is planned for the end of 2017. EDF is also starting some pilot conservation projects this summer to demonstrate the benefits of the program.
Farmers as Partners in Conservation
EDF believes that habitat exchanges can create an environment where farmers and ranchers see wildlife as an asset rather than a liability. By providing economic incentives for habitat creation, the exchange aims to avoid the need to list monarch butterflies as an endangered species.
Other Conservation Efforts
In addition to the habitat exchange, there are other efforts underway to save monarch butterflies, including:
- The USDA is asking farmers to volunteer portions of their land for milkweed habitat.
- Scientists are developing new milkweed varieties that are resistant to herbicides.
- Conservation organizations are working to educate the public about the importance of monarch butterflies and the need to protect their habitat.
Conclusion
The decline of monarch butterflies is a serious concern, but it is not too late to save them. By restoring and enhancing monarch habitat, we can ensure that these iconic insects continue to grace our skies for generations to come.
